考研英语（一）长难句解析系列之七

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(本文作者为中公考研辅导名师——樊晓红)
　　长难句贯穿着考研英语的试卷，尤其是考研阅读中，在考研界中，广为流传着这样一句话：得英语者得天下，得阅读者得天下。足以看见阅读的分量，而在这厚重的阅读文章里面，“无处不在”的长难句就组成了这篇篇文章。每篇文章的词汇量大概在550词左右，每道真题4篇阅读，再加上更长的新题型和翻译，需要阅读的句子实在之多，生命难以承受之重呀!而今天我们要分享的就是学会省去一些内容，直击阅读的核心。我们以2000年的阅读为例，欣赏这些文章都是怎样构成的?先看第一段：
　　A history of long and effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if properly handled, it may become a driving force.
　　When the United States entered just such a glowing period after the end of the Second World War, it had a market eight times larger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled economies of scale.
　　Its scientists were the world’s best, its workers the most skilled.
　　America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans and Asians whose economies the war had destroyed.
　　我们将这段话分成大家熟悉的长难句，第一句出现but,也就是说转折之后的内容较为重要的，剥离出it may become a driving force. 其中it指代success，即成功即动力。接下来，第二句描述eight times 大的 market，第三句显摆 scientists 和 workers，第四句嘚瑟整个美国和美国人。而二三四句都是想证明第一句的成功所带来的动力，也就是说只要大家抓住第一句即可。我们看第二段是怎样展开的：
　　It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition. By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith. (Now there is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea’s LG Electronics in July.) Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market. America’s machine-tool industry was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors, which America had invented and which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty.
　　第一句是个主语从句It was inevitable that，关键是后面真正的主语说的是什么：this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer。这里最重要的是对比，对比美国的繁荣衰退而其他国家变富。剩下的句子肯定是围绕此句展开，我们看一下其中提到的例子，Zenith，foreign-made cars and textiles，semiconductors等不都是力图证明这一句吗?所以只要小伙伴们找到论点，文章就会减轻很大的分量。
　　通过以上段落分析，作者相信小伙伴们发现这些学术类论文就是论点+论据了，也就是说，只要大家能找到文章里面的论点，跳读，或者略读论据，这篇文章的脉络就会清晰地出现在大家的面前，就可以省去不少时间和力气。中公的老师全程陪伴在同学们的左右，为你们解答考研路上的各种疑惑，一起打赢这场战争!考研路上有你我，中公与你同行!