考研英语（一）长难句解析系列——2015年阅读Text3

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(本文作者为中公考研辅导名师——张玉环)　
　　本文选自2014年Nature上一篇名Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in Papers的文章，主要讨论了《科学》杂志通过设立审查编辑统计委员会，来加强对科研论文中数据准确性的审查这一事件，并列举了几位权威人士对该设立委员会的看法。全文中在长难句方面，难度并不小。作为2015年考研英语试卷的第三篇阅读，句子难度必然会较前面题型有所提升，尤其是在第三段中，一句话构成整段话。下面就其中的典型例句进行分析：
　　【典型例句1】：The policy follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that basic mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the irreproducibility of many published research findings.
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为 The policy follows similar efforts。from other journals作为后置定语，修饰similar efforts。after widespread concern作为时间状语，修饰主干。that basic mistakes are contributing to the irreproducibility，是that引导的同位语从句，解释concern。in data analysis作为后置定语，修饰basic mistakes。of many published research findings作为后置定语，修饰irreproducibility。
　　【难点点拨】：journal：杂志;irreproducibility：非再生性，不能重复使用;
　　【例句释义】：人们普遍担心数据分析中的基本错误会导致许多已被发表的研究发现不能被重复使用，因此这一政策就效仿了其他杂志的类似尝试。
　　【典型例句2】：Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said: “The creation of the ‘statistics board’ was motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Science’s overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.”
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为McNutt said: “The creation was motivated by concerns and is part of Science’s overall drive，其中and连接。Asked whether any particular papers had impelled the change是过去分词短语作时间状语，修饰主干;其中，包括一个whether引导的宾语从句。of the ‘statistics board’作为后置定语，修饰creation。broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis作为后置定语，修饰concerns。in scientific research作为后置定语，修饰application of statistics and data analysis。to increase reproducibility作为后置定语，修饰drive。in the research作为后置定语，修饰reproducibility。we publish是省略that的定语从句，修饰research。
　　【难点点拨】：impel：推动，促使;board：委员会;
　　【例句释义】：在被问到是否是某些具体的论文促使了这次改变时，麦克纳特谈到：“与科学研究中统计应用和数据分析明显相关的问题促使了‘统计委员会’的设立，而且这也是《科学》杂志为提高已发表研究的再现性而所做的整体努力之一。”
　　【典型例句3】：This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.”
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为This impact will not only be through the publications but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places，其中not only…but ….连接两个并列的表语。in Science itself作为后置定语，修饰publications。that may want to model their approach after Science是由that引导的定语从句，修饰publishing places。
　　【难点点拨】：model：模仿;approach：方法，途径;
　　【例句释义】：这不仅将通过《科学》杂志自己的出版物产生影响，也有希望通过更多的可能会想模仿《科学》杂志做法的出版商产生影响。
　　【典型例句4】：Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2012, but journals should also take a tougher line, “engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process.”
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为Researchers should improve their standards, but journals should also take a tougher line，属并列句，由but连接。he wrote in 2012属于插入语，可提到句子前面。engaging reviewers and editors作为状语，修饰journals should also take a tougher line。who are statistically literate是由who引导的定语从句，修饰reviewers。who can verify the process同样属于定语从句，修饰editors。
　　【难点点拨】：take a tough line：采取强硬路线/立场;engage：雇佣;reviewer：审查员;literate：受过教育的，精通的;verify：核实;
　　【例句释义】：他在2012年写到，研究人员应该提高数据使用标准，但是杂志也应该采取更为严格的做法，雇佣那些精通统计的审查员以及能够核实这一流程的编辑。
　　【典型例句5】：Vaux says that Science’s idea to pass some papers to statisticians “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the paper that need scrutiny’ in the first place.”
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为Vaux says that Science’s idea “has some merit, but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the paper’in the first place” ，其中but连接Science’s idea “has some merit和a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the paper’in the first place”构成并列句，都属于that引导的宾语从句;that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identify ‘the paper’in the first place是由that引导的表语从句。that need scrutiny是由that引导的定语从句，修饰paper。
　　【难点点拨】：statistician：统计员;scrutiny：详细审查;
　　【例句释义】：沃克斯说，《科学》杂志这种将某些论文交给统计员进行审查的想法有一些长处但是其缺点是它依赖于审查编辑委员会来首先对需要严格审查的论文进行鉴定。
　　总之，由于本文中对于后置定语、被动语态、定语从句、状语等知识点考查较多，因此对此大家课下需要多多复习。此外，如果时间充足的话，可以多读一些外国核心期刊文章，如《经济学人》、《自然》等，积累英语国家新闻中常用到的表达。