考研英语(一)长难句解析系列——2016年Text2

考研网

　　本文选自2014年The Guardian上一篇名为The “Village” Construction of Britain的文章，主要讨论了英国的乡村建设问题，主张不应为了城市建设而破坏乡村的建设，并指出这需要英国各党派的通力协作。。作为2016年考研英语试卷的第二篇阅读，全文中在长难句方面，句子难度并不是很大。阅读做题时只需静下心来，再辅之以词汇和语法基础，即可理解和解题。下面就其中的典型例句进行分析：
　　【典型例句1】：While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.
　　【例句解析】：本句主句为this has limited political support。While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country是while引导的让步状语从句，修饰主句。其中，Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country是省略that的宾语从句。what makes them proudest of their country是宾语从句，担任介词as的宾语。
　　【难点点拨】：rate：认为;National Health Service：英国的国民医疗保健制度;
　　【例句释义】：尽管民意调查显示，英国人认为“乡村”、皇室、莎士比亚和国民医疗保健制度是本国最为得意之处，但是这一想法却缺乏政治支持。
　　【典型例句2】：It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air.”
　　【例句解析】：本句主句为It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure。where they could experience “a refreshing air.”是where引导的定语从句，修饰spaces for leisure。
　　【难点点拨】：dweller：居民;
　　【例句释义】：这主要是为了给城市居民提供能呼吸到新鲜空气的休闲之地。
　　【典型例句3】：The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place.
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为The sensible place is where people are。to build new houses, factories and offices是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰The sensible place。in cities and towns作地点状语，修饰主干。where infrastructure is in place是where引导的定语从句，修饰cities and towns。
　　【难点点拨】：sensible：明智的，合适的;in place：适当的;
　　【例句释义】：在基础设施完备的城镇地区，最适合建造新房、工厂和办公楼的地方就是居民聚居区。
　　【典型例句4】：The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk.
　　【难点点拨】：本句主句为The idea is pure lobby talk。that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” 是that引导的同位语从句，就是the idea。
　　【难点点拨】：concreted meadow：混凝土草地;lobby talk：游说话题;
　　【例句释义】：“住房危机”等同于“混凝土草地”的观点只是单纯的游说话题。
　　【典型例句5】：Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living.
　　【例句解析】：本句主句为Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence。while still permitting low-density urban living是省略形式的时间状语从句，修饰主句。
　　【难点点拨】：retain：保持;enviable：令人羡慕的;low-density：低密度的;
　　【例句释义】：半个世纪的城乡规划使英国一直保持着令人羡慕的乡村风，同时又使城市人口保持了低密度。
　　总之，由于本文中对于定语后置、宾语从句、状语、并列句、标点符号等知识点考查较多，因此对此大家课下需要多多复习。此外，如果时间充足的话，可以多读一些外国核心期刊文章，如《卫报》、《经济学人》等，积累英语国家新闻中常用到的表达。
　　(本文作者为中公考研辅导名师——张玉环)