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本文属于社会生活类题材,主要讲述的是加拿大医疗开支的问题。对于广大考生而言,题材较为陌生,理解难度较大。文章在词汇方面,出现很多难懂的短语,如fork over(交出,付出,付钱),get cracking about(开始做某事)。正是这个原因,导致长难句的难度也略高。重点是要对长难句进行断句,找到句子的主干,辨识出不同形式的定语、同位语和状语方法,并且识别并列结构。下面就其中的5个句子进行详解:
【典型例句1】Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.
【例句分析】本句是一个主从复合句,主干是Canada’s premiers might spare a moment to do something, together。if引导的条件状语从句,作为插入语分割开原句的主语和谓宾部分。(the leaders of provincial governments)是括号引出的同位语,句末的to reduce health-care costs是目的状语。条件状语从句中,主干是they have any breath left,they指的是Canada’s premiers。after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting是介词短语做时间状语。
【难点点拨】“have any breath left”意为“还有力气或精力”。
【例句译文】在七月底的年度会议上,加拿大各省省长们对渥太华抱怨一番后,如果还有力气的话,可能会抽出时间做点事情来减少医疗费用。
【典型例句2】Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.
【例句分析】本句的主干是all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution,主语all指代的是all provinces,并列谓语动词pool、work with和create。Instead…power是介词短语做状语,each province是动词having的逻辑主语,have的宾语是list、bureaucracy、procedures和 limited bargaining power,其中of approved drugs是介词短语做定语,修饰list。
【难点点拨】pool意为“合伙集中利用,共用,资源共享”。
【例句译文】所有省都应该资源共享,与渥太华合作创建一个国家性的机构,来代替现在每个省出台自己的药物清单、有自己的机构、程序和有限的议价能力这种情况。
【典型例句3】So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices.
【例句分析】本句是一个主从复合句,主干是they should prove they can run it。if引导条件状语从句,starting…prices是现在分词短语做方式状语,其中包括that引导的定语从句that…prices,修饰list。
【难点点拨】run the show意为“负责某事,主管”;interprovincial“省际的,省与省之间的”; duplication“重复”; play sb. off against意为“(为渔利而)挑拨离间,使……相斗”。
【例句译文】所以,如果某些省想负责医疗事业,他们必须证明自己能够运行这个事业。首先要开一张省际医疗单子来终止重复、节省管理费用、阻止省和省之间的互斗,而且还要尽量争取更好的药价。
【典型例句4】The substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.
【例句分析】本句的主干是The substantial buying power would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans,of such an agency是介词短语做后置定语,修饰buying power,to…companies是目的状语。
【例句译文】这样一个机构的巨大购买力,会进一步加强实施公共处方药保险计划,以保证以可能的最低价格从药厂买药。
【典型例句5】So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.
【例句分析】本句是一个主从复合句,主干是they should also get cracking about something。when引导时间状语从句;in their jurisdiction是介词短语做定语,that … patients是定语从句,修饰something。
【例句译文】所以,当各省省长聚集在尼亚加拉大瀑布城,像往常那样不停地抱怨时,他们也应该开始做一些自己权限范围内有助于他们的预算和病人的事情。
综上所述,这篇文章的难点在于并列结构和各种形式的状语。因此大家在今后的学习中,应该加大长难句练习,以句子为单位综合掌握词汇、语法和翻译方法。此外,如果时间充足的话,可以多读一些外国核心期刊文章,如《美国新闻与世界报道》、《经济学人》等,积累英语国家新闻中常用到的表达。
(本文作者为中公考研英语指导老师—申虹)
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