|
|
这篇文章选自《经济学人》，关于美国的法律，讲述了美国诉讼费用居高不下的原因。5个题目中有4个考查的是细节题，需要对句子有准确的把握才能把题目作对。这几个句子并不难理解，只要基础扎实，准备充分，这4道也很好做。但是，这篇文章涉及的句子虽然不长，但是由于缺乏背景知识和词汇基础不牢，整篇文章理解起来还是很有难度的。下面其中的难句进行详解：
【典型例句1】But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.
【例句分析】这句话的主干是there are few places，比较简单;where引导定语从句，修饰places。难点在于few意为“很少，几乎没有”，是一种形式肯定、意义否定的用法。言外之意是美国是世界上对于控告理由最多的国家。
【例句译文】但是，比起美国，几乎没有什么地方，客户对于控告有更多的理由。
【典型例句2】During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation.
【例句分析】这是简单句，主干是spending grew twice;during the decade before the economic crisis是时间状语(before the economic crisis是介词短语做定语修饰decade);on legal services in America是后置定语，修饰spending;as fast as inflation是比较状语。
【例句分析】在经济危机之前的十年间，美国法律服务方面的花费增长的速度是通货膨胀的两倍。
【典型例句3】The best lawyers made skyscrapers-full of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools.
【例句分析】这是简单句，The lawyers made money;skyscrapers-full of是定语，修饰money;tempting ever more students to pile into law schools是结果状语，tempt sb. to do sth.意为“吸引某人做某事”。
【难点点拨】skyscraper意为“摩天大楼”，skyscrapers-full of引申为“把摩天大楼都装满的”，在这里指优秀律师收入丰厚，可以使用汉语中的“盆满钵满”与之对应;ever more意为“越来越多”;pile into意为“挤进”。
【例句分析】那些最优秀的律师挣得盆满钵满，以至于吸引越来越多的学生争先恐后地进入法学院学习。
【典型例句4】There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a four-year undergraduate degree in some unrelated subject, then a three-year law degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam.
【例句分析】这是简单句，主干是There is one path in most American states;冒号(：)起解释说明的作用;
【例句译文】在美国的大多数州中，成为律师只有一种途径：先在某个不相关的专业(非法律专业)获得四年的本科学位，接着在由“美国律师协会”授权的200个法学院中的任何一个获得三年的法学学位，以及为了通过律师资格考试进行代价高昂的准备工作。
【典型例句5】Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the state-level bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them.
【例句分析】这是由but连接的并列句。分句1的主干是Sensible ideas have been around，for a long time是时间状语;分句2的主干是the state-level bodies have been too conservative to implement them, that govern the profession是定语从句，修饰the state-level bodies，too…to…意为“太……而不……”。
【难点点拨】sensible意为“(数量、规模等)相当大的”;be around意为“(情况、条件等)大量出现”;body意为“团体，机关，社团，协会，组织”
【例句译文】大量的想法已经存在很长时间了，但是管理这个职业的州级机构过于保守，以至于没有把这些想法付诸实践。
【典型例句6】The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guild-like ownership structure of the business.
【例句分析】这个句子的主干是The other reason is ownership structure. why引导定语从句，修饰reason。
【难点点拨】guild意为“协会”(容易误看成guide);ownership structure意为“股权结构，所有制结构”;business意为“行业”。
【例句译文】费用如此之高的另一原因是这一行业类似协会的限制性所有制结构。
【典型例句7】There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.
【例句分析】这是由but连接的并列句。分句1的主干是There is pressure;分句2的主干是opponents insist that…,that引导宾语从句。
【例句译文】对于变革，会存在来自职业内部的压力，但是监管人员中反对变革的人坚持认为，保持法律领域外的人士置身于律师事务所之外，使得律师与赚钱的压力隔离，而是从道理伦理层面为代理人服务。
【典型例句8】In fact, allowing non-lawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency.
【例句分析】这句是简单句，主干是allowing non-lawyers to own shares would reduce costs and improve services;by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency是方式状语，to use technology 和to employ professional managers并列作为encourage的宾语，to focus on improving firms’ efficiency是目的状语。
【例句译文】事实上，通过鼓励律师事务所使用技术，并且雇佣专业管理人员集中提升事务所的效率，
允许非律师人员在律师事务所中拥有股份能够减少开销，提升对顾客的服务。
综上所述，从做题的角度而言，题目的正确选项在文中对应的句子并不难理解，因此作对题目并不难。但是，考生想要从根本上扎实英语基本功，提升阅读理解能力，还需要精读文中的每词每句，尤其注意其中的熟词僻意;并且通过泛读国外的期刊杂志扩充自己的背景知识。只有精读泛读双管齐下，才能获得综合能力的提升。
(本文作者为中公考研英语指导名师——申虹) |
|
发表于 2016-7-25 13:21:56