2015考研英语语法冲刺复习：情态动词表示虚拟语气

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　　情态动词表示虚拟语气：
　　1) needn’t have + 过去分词，表示做了不必做的事，相当于”didn’t need to do”,译为“其实没必要……”。如：
　　You needn’t have come over yourself.
　　As it turned out to be a small house party, we so formally.
　　[A] needn’t dress up [B]did not need have dressed up
　　[C] did not need dress up [D] needn’t have dressed up
　　(没有必要穿的那么正式，体现是说话者的建议，实际结果是否真的穿的很正式没有确定，答案为D)
　　2)should have +过去分词，表示应该做某事但实际上未做，译为“本应该……”should not + have过去分词表示本不应该做某事但实际上做了，译为“本不应该……”。如：
　　I regret having left the work unfinished; I should have planned everything ahead carefully.
　　我本来应该事先认真地把每件事情规划的很好，但实际上作者还是没有规划好，以至工作没有完成。
　　3) ought to have +过去分词，表示动作按理该发生了，但实际上未发生，译为“该……”，与should 的完成式含义类似。如：
　　The porter ought to have called the fire-brigade as soon as he saw the fire in the stock, which went up in smoke .
　　4) could have +过去分词，表示过去本来可以做但却未做，译为“完全可以……”。这点与ought/should/ have +过去分词用法相似。如：
　　What you said is right, but you could have phrased it more tactfully.
　　5) may/ might have +过去分词，表示过去可以做但实际未做，译为“(那样)也许会……”。如：
　　It might have been better to include more punchy statistics and photos of equipment in the introduction to further assist first-time office automation managers.