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2008年审计硕士联考英语真题

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发表于 2016-7-4 11:54:21 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
SectionI
    VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences inthis section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET 1. (10 points)
    1.Oil is an important______material which can be processed into many different products, includingplastics.
    Araw
    B bleak
    C flexible
    D fertile
    2.The high living standards ofthe UScause its present population to ____ 25 percent of the world's oil.
    Aassume
    B consume
    C resume
    Dpresume
    3. You shouldn't be so ___ ---I didn't meananything bad in what I said.
    A sentimental
    B sensible
    C sensitive
    D sophisticated
    4. Picassowas an artist who fundamentally changed the ___ of art for later generations.
    A. philosophy
    Bconcept
    C viewpoint
    D theme
    5. Memberstates had the option to ____ from this agreement with one year's notice.
    A deny
    B object
    C suspect
    D withdraw
    6. The twocountries achieved some progress in the sphere of trade relations,traditionally a source of ____ irritation.
    A mutual
    B optional
    C neutral
    D parallel
    7. Williams hadnot been there during the ___ moments when the kidnapping had taken place.
    A superior
    B rigorous
    C vital
    D unique
    8. Travel around Japantoday, and one sees foreign residents a wide ____ of jobs.
    Arange
    B field
    C scale
    D area
    9. Modernmanufacturing has ___ a global river of materials into a stunning array of newproducts.
    A translated
    B transformed
    C transferred
    D transported
    10. Lightning has been the second largest storm killer
    in the US
    overthe past 40 years and is ____ only by flood.
    Axceeded
    B excelled
    C excluded
    D extended
    11. Voices were ____as the argument betweenthe two motorists became more bad-tempered.
    Awollen
    B. increased
    C. developed
    D. raised
    12. Some sufferers will quickly be restoredto prefect health, ___others will take a longer time.
    A. which
    B. where
    C. when
    D. whereas
    13. My brother likes eating very much buthe isn't very ___about the food he eats.
    A. special
    B. peculiar
    C. particular
    D.unusual
    14. Britainmight still be part of Franceif it weren't ____a disastrous flood 200.000 years ago, according to scientistsfrom Imperial Collegein London.
    A. upon
    B. with
    C. in
    D. for
    15. The water prize is an international award that__outstanding contributions towards solving global water problems.
    A. recognizes
    B. requires
    C. releases
    D. relays
    16. In its 14 years of _????????____, the European Unionhas earned the scorn of its citizens and skepticism from the United States.
    A. endurance
    B. emergence
    C.existence
    D. eminence
    17. His excuse for being late this morningwas his car had __ in the snow.
    A. started up
    B. got stuck
    C. set back
    D.stood by
    18.____widespread belief cockroaches (螳螂) would not take over the world ifthere were no around to step on them.
    A. In view of
    B. Thanks to
    C.In case of
    D.Contrary to
    19. Consciously or not, ordinary citizens and governmentbureaucrats still _____the notion that Japanese society is a unique culture.
    A. fit in with
    B. lookdown on
    C. clingto
    D.hold back
    20. As you can see by yourself, things ____tobe exactly as the professor had foreseen.
    A . turned in
    B. turned out
    C.turned up
    D. turned down
    Section II
    Cloze (10 points)
    Directions: Read the following passage. For eachnumbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best oneand mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
    Olympic Games are held every four years at a different site, inwhich athletes _21__different nations compete against each other in a __22_ ofsports. There are two types of Olympics, the Summer Olympics and the winterOlympics.
    In order to __23__the Olympics, a city must submit a proposal to theinternational Olympic committee (IOC)。 After all proposals have been _24___, theIOC votes. If one city is successful in gaining a majority in the first vote, thecity with the fewest votes is eliminated, and voting continues with __25__rounds,until a majority winner is determined. Typically the Games are awarded severalyears in advance, __26__the winning city time to prepare for the Games. Inselecting the _27__of the Olympic Games, the IOC considers a number of factors,chief among them which city has, or promises to build, the best facilities, andwhich organizing committee seems most likely to _28__the Games effectively.The IOC also _29__which parts of the world have not yet hosted theGames. _30__,Tolkyo, Japan, the host of the 1964 Summer Games, and Mexico city,Mexico, the host of the 1968 summer Games , were chosen _31__to popularize theOlympic movement In Asia and in Latin America.
    _32__the growing importance oftelevision worldwide, the IOC in recent years has also taken into _33__the hostcity's time zone. _34__the Games take place in the United States or Canada,for example, American television networks are willing to pay _35___ higheramounts for television rights because they can broadcast popular events__36____, in prime viewing hours.
    ___37__the Games have been awarded. It is the responsibility of thelocal organizing committee to finance them. This is often done with a portionof the Olympic television ___38_ and with corporate sponsorships, ticket sales,and other smaller revenue sources. In many __39___ there is also directgovernment support.
            
            
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发表于 2016-7-4 12:17:37 | 显示全部楼层
    Although manycities have achieved a financial profit by hosting the Games, the Olympics canbe financially __40___. When the revenues from the Games were less thanexpected, the city was left with large debts.
    21. A. in
    B.for
    C. of
    D. from
    22. A. lot
    B. number
    C. variety
    D. series
    23. A. host
    B. take
    C. run
    D.organize
    24. A. supported
    B. submitted
    C. substituted
    D. subordinated
    25. A. suggestive
    B.successful
    C. successive
    D. succeeding
    26. A. letting
    B. setting
    C. permitting
    D. allowing
    27. A. site
    B. spot
    C. location
    D. place
    28. A. state
    B. stage
    C. start
    D. sponsor
    29. A. thinks
    B. reckons
    C. considers
    D. calculates
    30. A. For instance
    B. As a result
    C. In brief
    D.On the whole
    31. A. in time
    B.in part
    C. in case
    D. in common
    32. A. Since
    B. Because
    C. As for
    D. Because of
    33. A. amount
    B. account
    C.accord
    D. acclaim
    34. A. However
    B. Whatever
    C. Whenever
    D. Wherever
    35. A. greatly
    B.handsomely
    C. meaningfully
    D.significantly
    36. A. live
    B.living
    C. alive
    D.lively
    37. A. Until
    B.Unless
    C.Whether
    D. Once
    38. A. incomes
    B. interests
    C. revenues
    D. returns
    39. A. cases
    B.conditions
    C. chances
    D.circumstances
    40. A. safe
    B.risky
    C. tempting
    D. feasible
    Section Ⅲ
    Reading Comprehension
    Directions:
    There are fourpassages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C,and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the correspondingletter on ANSWER SHEET 1
    . (40points)
    Questions41 to 45 are based on the following passage:
    Last weekend Kyle MacDonald in Montrealthrew a party to celebrate the fact that he got his new home in exchange for ared paper clip. Starting a year ago, MacDonald bartered the clip forincreasingly valuable stuff, including a camp stove and free rent in a Phoenix flat. Havingannounced his aim (the house) in advance, MacDonald likely got a boost fromtechies eager to see the Internet pass this daring test of its networkingpower. “My whole motto (座右铭) was 'Start small, think big, and have fun‘, ” says MacDonald, 26, “Ireally kept my effort on the creative side rather than the business side. ”
    Yet as odd as the MacDonald exchange was, barter is now big businesson the Net. This year more than 400,000 companies worldwide will exchange some$10 billion worth of goods and services on a growing number of barter sites.These Web sites allow companies to trade products for a virtual currency, whichthey can use to buy goods from other members. In Iceland, garment-maker Kapusalansells a third of its output on the booming Vidskiptanetid exchange, earningvirtual money that it uses to buy machinery and pay part of employee salaries.The Troc-services exchange in Franceoffers more than 4,600 services, from math lessons to ironing.
    This is not a primitive barter system. By creating currencies, theInternet removes a major barrier―what Bob Meyer, publisher of BarterNews, calls“the double coincidence of wants.” That is, two parties once not only had tofind each other, but also an exchange of goods that both desired. Now, they canprice the deal in virtual currency.
    Barter also helps firms make use of idle capacity. For example,advertising is “hugely bartered” because many media, particularly on the Webcan supply new ad space at little cost. Moreover, Internet ads don't registerin industry-growth statistics, because many exchanges are arranged outside theformal exchanges.
    Like eBay, most barter sites allow members to “grade” tradingpartners for honesty quality and so on Barter exchanges can allow firms incountries with hyperinflation or nontradable currencies to enter global trades. Next year, anonprofit exchange called Quick Lift Two (QL2) plans to open in Nairobi, offering barterdeals to 38,000 Kenyan farmers in remote areas. Two small planes will deliverthe goods. QL2 director Gacii Waciuma says the farmers are excited to be “liberatedfrom corrupt middlemen.” For them, barter evokes a bright future, not a precapitalist past.
    41. The word “techies” (Line 4, Para 1)probably refers to those who are ___.
    A. afraid of technology
    B. skilled in technology
    C. ignorant of technology
    D. incompetent in technology
    42. Many people may have deliberatelyhelped Kyle because they ___.
    A. were impressed by his creativity
    B. were eager to identify with his motto
    C. liked his goal announced in advance
    D. hoped to prove the power of the Internet
    43. The Internet barter system reliesheavily on ___.
    A. the size of barter sties
    B. the use of virtual currency
    C. the quality of goods or services
    D. the location of trading companies]
    44. It is implies that Internetadvertisements can help ___.
    A. companies make more profit
    B. companies do formal exchanges
    C. media register in statistics
    D. media grade barter sites
    45. Which of the follow is true of QL2according to the author?
    A. It is criticized for doing business in a primitive way.
    B. It aims to deal with hyperinflation in some countries.
    C. It helps get rid of middlemen in trade and exchange.
    D. It is intended to evaluate the performance of trading partners.
    Questions46 to 50 are based on the following passage:
    The lives of very few Newarkresidents are untouched by violence: New Jersey's biggest city has seen it all. Yet the murderof three young people, who were forced to kneel before being shot in the backof the head in a school playground on August 4th, has shaken the city.A fourth, who survived, was stabbed and shot in the face. The four victims wereby all accounts good kids, all enrolled in college, all with a future. But thecruel murder, it seems, has at last forced Newarkers to say they have had enough.
    Grassroots organizations, like Stop Shooting, have been flooded with offers of help andsupport since the killings. Yusef Ismail, its co-founder, says the group hasbeen going door-to-door askingpeople to sign a pledge of non-violence. They hope to get 50,000 to promise to “stopshooting, start thinking, and keep living.” The Newark CommunityFoundation, which was launched last month, announced on August 14th thatit will help pay for Community Eye, a surveillance(监视) system tailored towards guncrime.
    Cory Booker who became mayor 13 months ago with a mission torevitalize the city , believes the surveillance program will be the largestcamera and audio network in any American city. More than 30 cameras wereinstalled earlier this summer and a further 50 will be installed soon in aseven-square mile area where 80% of the city's recent shootings have occurred.And more cameras are planned.
    When a gunshot is detected, the surveillance camera zooms in on thatspot. Similar technology in Chicagohas increased arrests and decreased shootings. Mr. Booker plans to announce acomprehensive gun strategy later this week.
    Mr. Booker, as well as church leaders and others, believes(orhopes)that after the murder the city will no longer stand by in coldness. For generations,Newark has beenparalyzed by poverty ----almost one in three people lives below the povertyline----and growing indifference to crime.
            
            
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发表于 2016-7-4 12:34:44 | 显示全部楼层
    Some are skeptical .Steve Malanga of theconservative Manhattan Institute notes that Newark has deep social problems: over 60% ofchildren are in homes without fathers. The school system, taken over by thestate in 1995, is a mess. But there is also some cause for hope. Since Mr.Booker was elected, there has been a rise in investment and re-zoning for development.Only around 7% of nearby Newark airport workersused to come from Newark;now, a year, the figureis 30%.Mr Booker has launched a New York-style war on crime. So far this year,crime has fallen 11% and shootings are down 30 %( through the murder rate lookslikely to match last year's high)。
    46. What happened in Newark, New Jerseyon August 4th?
    A.The Newark residents witnessed a murder.
    B. Four young people were killed in a school playground.
    C. The new mayor of Newarktook office.
    D. Four college students fell victim to violence.
    47. Judging from the context, the “CommunityEye”(Line5,Para 2)is_____
    A.a watching system for gun crime
    B. a neighborhood protection organization
    C. an unprofitable community business
    D. a grassroots organization
    48.We learn from the passage that Newark has all thefollowing problems EXCEPT_____
    A. violence
    B. flood
    C. poverty
    D. indifference
    49. Mayor Booker's effort against crimeseem to be ______
    A. idealistic
    B. impractical
    C. effective
    D. fruitless
    50. The best title for the passage may be_____
    A. Stop Shooting,Start Thinking, and Keep Living
    B. Efforts to Fight againstGun Crimes
    C. A Missionto Revitalize the City
    D. Violent Murders in Newark
    Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:
    According to a recent survey on money and relationships, 36 percentof people are keeping a bank account from their partner. While this financialunfaithfulness may appear as distrust in a relationship , in truth it may justbe a form of financial protection.
    With almost half of allmarriages ending in divorce, men and women are realizing they need to befinancially savvy, regardless of whether they are in arelationship.
    The financial hardship on individuals after a divorce can be extremelydifficult, even more so when children are involved. The lack of permanency in relationships,jobs and family life may be the cause of a growing trend to keep a secret bankaccount hidden from a partner; in other words, an “escape fund”。
    Margaret's story is far fromunique. She is a representative of a growing number of women in long-termrelationships who are becoming protective of their own earnings.
    Every month on pay day, shebanks hundreds of dollars into a savings account she keeps from her husband.She has been doing this throughout their six-year marriage and has built a nestegg worth an incredible $100,000 on top of her pension.
    Margaret says if her husbandfound out about her secret savings he'd hurt and would interpret this as a signshe wasn't sure of the marriage.“ He'd think it was my escape fun so thatfinancially I could afford to get out of the relationship if it went wrong. Iknow you should approach marriage as being forever and I hope ours is, but youcan never be sure.”
    Like many of her fellow secret savers, Margaret was stung in aformer relationship and has since been very guarded about her own money.
    Coming clean to your partner about being a secret saver may not beall that bad. Take Colleen for example, who had been saving secretly for a fewyears before she confessed to her partner. “I decided to open a savings accountand start building a nest egg of my own. I wanted to prove to myself that Icould put money in the bank and leave it there for a rainy day.”
    “When John found out about my secret savings, he was a littlesuspicious of my motives. I reassured him that this was certainly not an escapefund that I feel very secure in out relationship. I have to admit that it doesfeel good to have my own money on reserve if ever there are rainy days in thefuture. It's sensible to build and protect your personal financial security.”
    51. The trend to keep a secret bank accountis growing because______
    A. escape fund helps one through rainy days
    B. days are getting harder and harder
    C. women are money sensitive
    D. financial conflicts oftenoccur
    52. The word “savvy”(Line2,Para 2)probably means_______
    A. suspicious
    B. secure
    C. shrewd
    D. simple
    53. Which inference can we make aboutMargaret?
    A. She is a unique woman.
    B. She was once divorced.
    C. She is going to retire.
    D. Shehas many children.
    54. The author mentions Colleen's exampleto show_____
    A. any couple can avoid marriage conflicts
    B. privacy within marriage should be respected
    C. everyone can save a fortune with a happy marriage
    D. financial disclosure is not necessarily bad
    55. Which of the following best summarythis passage?
    A. Secret Savers
    B. LoveIs What It's Worth
    C. Banking Honesty
    D. OnceBitten, Twice Shy
    Questions56 to 60 are based on the following passage:
    “The word 'protection' is no longer taboo (禁忌语)”。 This short sentence, utteredby French President Nicolas Sarkozy last month, may have launched a new era ineconomic history. Why? For decades, Western leaders have believed that loweringtrade barriers and tariffs was a natural good. Doing so, they reasoned, wouldlead to greater economic efficiency and productivity, which in turn wouldimprove human welfare. Championing free trade thus became a moral, not just an economic,cause.
    These leaders,of course, weren't acting out of unselfishness. They knew their economies werethe most competitive, so they'd profit most from liberalization. And developingcountries feared that their economies would be swamped by superior Westernproductivity. Today, however, the tables have turned---though few acknowledgeit. The West continues to preach free trade, but practices it less and less.Asian, meanwhile, continues to plead for special protection but practices moreand more free trade.
    That's why Sarkozy's words were so important: he finally injectedsome honesty into the trade debates. The truth is that large parts of the Westare losing faith in tree trade, though few leaders admit it. Some economistsare more honest. Paul Krugman is one of the few willing to acknowledge thatprotectionist arguments are returning. In the short run, there will be winnersand losers under free trade. This, of course, is what capitalism is all about. Butmore and more of these losers will be in the West, Economists in the developedworld used to love quoting Jonoph Schumpeter, who said that 'creative destruction“was an essential part of capitalist growth. But they always assumed thatdestruction would happen over there. When Western workers began losing jobs, suddenlytheir leaders began to lose faith in their principles, Things have yet toreverse completely. But there's clearly a negative trend in a Western theoryand practice.
    A little hypocrisy (虚伪) is not in itself a serious problem. The real problem is thatWestern governments continue to insist that they retain control of the key globaleconomic and financial institutions while drifting away from globalliberalization. Lock at what's happening at the IMF (International MonetaryFund) The Europeans have demanded that they keep the post of managing director.But all too often, Western officials put their own interests above everyoneelse's when they dominate these global institutions.
    The time has therefore come for the Asians-who are clearly the newwinners in today's global economy-to provide more intellectual leadership insupporting free trade: Sadly, they have yet to do so. Unless Asians speak out,however, there's a real danger that Adam Smith's principles, which have broughtso much good to the world, could gradually die. And that would leave all of us,worse off, in one way or another.
    56. It can be inferred that ”protection“(Line 1, Para.1) means________
    A.improving economic efficiency.
    B. ending the free-trade practice
    C.lowering moral standard
    D. raising trade tariffs
    57. The Western leaders preach free trade because________
    A.it is beneficial to their economies
    B.it is supported by developing countries
    C.it makes them keep faith in their principles
    D.it is advocated by Joseph Schumpeter and Adam Smith
    58. By ”the tables have turned“ (Line3-4,Para.2) the author implies that________
    A.the Western leaders have turned self-centered
    B.the Asian leaders have become advocates of free trade
    C.the developed economies have turned less competitive
    D.the developing economies have become more independent
    59. The Western economies used to like theidea of ”creative destruction“ because it________
    A.set a long-term rather than short-turn goal
    B.was an essential part of capitalist development
    C.contained a positive rather than negative mentality
    D.was meant to be the destruction of developing economies
    60. The author uses ”IMF“ was an example toillustrate the point that_______
    A.European leaders are reluctant to admit they are hypocritical
    B.there is an inconsistency between Western theory and practice
    C.global institutions are not being led by true globalization advocates
    D.European countries' interests are being ignored by economic leaders
    Section IV
    Translation
    Directions: In this section there is aparagraph in English .Translate it into Chinese and write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20points)
    The term ”business model“ first came into widespread use with theinvention of personal computer and the spreadsheet(空白表格程序)。Before the spreadsheet,business planning usually meant producing a single forecast. At best, you did alittle sensitivity analysis around the projection. The spreadsheet ushered in amuch more analytic approach to planning because every major line item could bepulled apart, its components and subcomponents analyzed and tested. You couldask what- if questions about the critical assumptions on which. your businessdepended-for example, what if customers are more price-sensitive than wethought?-and with a few keystrokes, you could see how any change would play outon every aspect of the whole. In other words, you could model the behavior of abusiness. Before the computer changed the nature of business planning, mostsuccessful business models were created more by accident than by elaboratedesign. By enabling companies to tie their marketplace insights much moretightly to the resulting economics, spread sheet made it possible to modelbusiness before they were launched.
    Section V
    Writing
    Directions: In this part, you are asked to write a composition according to theinformation below. You should write more than 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)
    以往许多人报考成人高校,是为了圆文凭梦。如今,手持本科、硕士文凭,回头重新考大学的大有人在。据报道,今年报名全国成人高考的上海考生中,有390名本科毕业生,15名硕士生。
    写一篇约150字左右的作文进行评论和表达自己的意见。
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