2014年考研英语二考前密押题（二）

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　2014年考研英语二考前密押题（二）答案解析
    PartⅠClose test
　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. (10points)
　　An important factor of leadership is attraction. This does not mean attractiveness in the ordinary sense, for that is a born quality 1 our control. The leader has, nevertheless, to be a magnet; a central figure towards whom people are 2 .Magnetism in that sense depends, first of all, 3 being seen. There is a type of authority which can be 4 from behind closed doors, but that is not leadership. 5 there is movement and action, the true leaders is in the forefront and may seem, indeed, to be everywhere at once. He has to become a legend; the 6 for anecdotes, whether true or 7 ; character. One of the simplest devices is to be absent 8 the occasion when the leader might be 9 to be there, enough in itself to start a rumor about the vital business 10 has detained him. To 11 up for this, he can appeal when least expected, giving rise to another story about the interest he can display 12 things which other folks might 13 as trivial. With this gift for 14 curiosity the leader always combines a reluctance to talk about himself. His interest is 15 in other people he questions them and encourages them to talk and then remembers all 16 is relevant. He never leaves a party 17 he has mentally field a minimum dossier(档案) on 18 present， ensuring that he knows 19 to say when he meets them again. He is not artificially extrovert but he would usually rather listen 20 talk. Others realize gradually that his importance needs no proof。
　　1. A. in B. beyond C. under D. of
　　2. A. united B. dragged C. drawn D. hauled
　　3. A. at B. in C. about D. on
　　4. A. looked B. recognized C. exercised D. respected
　　5. A. Where B. Though C. Because D. When
　　6. A. minor role B. subject C. joke D. supplement
　　7. A. incorrect B. wrong C. false D. bad
　　8. A. in B. on C. at D. under
　　9. A. refused B. suspected C. expelled D. expected
　　10. A. which B. when C. what D. where
　　11. A. take B. make C. come D. give
　　12. A. on B. in C. about D. at
　　13. A. look B. think C. view D. deal
　　14. A. decreasing B. possessing C. inspiring D. urging
　　15. A. directly B. obscurely C. scarcely D. plainly
　　16. A. which B. that C. what D. one
　　17. A. after B. when C. until D. before
　　18. A. someone B. everyone C. men D. one
　　19. A. when B. where C. which D. what
　　20. A. and B. or C. than D. but
　　PartⅡReading Comprehension
　　SectionA
　　Directions: There are 4 passages in this part .Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET。(40points)
　　Passage One
　　As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows, there is far more to a family meal than food. Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out just how much more。
　　Lewis and his co-workers carried out their study by videotaping the families while they ate ordinary meals in their own homes. They found that parents with small families talk actively with each other and their children. But as the number of children gets larger, conversation gives way to the parents’ efforts to control the loud noise they make. That can have an important effect on the children. “In general the more question-asking the parents do, the higher the children’s IQ scores,” Lewis says. “And the more children there are, the less question-asking there is. ”
　　The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings. Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child, who has the most to talk about, and the youngest, who needs the most attention. “Middle children are invisible,” says Lewis. “When you see someone get up from the table and walk around during dinner, chances are that it’s the middle child. ” There is, however, one thing that stops all conversation and prevents anyone from having attention: “When the TV is on,” Lewis says, “dinner is a non-event. ”
　　21. The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to 。
　　A. show the relationship between parents and children
　　B. teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table
　　C. report on the findings of a study
　　D. give information about family problems
　　22. Parents with large families ask fewer questions at dinner because 。
　　A. they are busy serving food to their children
　　B. they are busy keeping order at the dinner table
　　C. they have to pay more attention to younger children
　　D. they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family
　　23. By saying “Middle children are invisible” in paragraph 3, Lewis means that middle children 。
　　A. have to help their parents to serve dinner
　　B. get the least attention from the family
　　C. are often kept away from the dinner table
　　D. find it hard to keep up with other children
　　24. Lewis’ research provides an answer to the question 。
　　A. why TV is important in family life
　　B. why parents should keep good order
　　C. why children in small families seem to be quieter
　　D. why middle children seem to have more difficulties in life
　　25. Which of the following statements would the writer agree to?
　　A. It is important to have the right food for children。
　　B. It is a good idea to have the TV on during dinner。
　　C. Parents should talk to each of their children frequently。
　　D. Elder children should help the younger ones at dinnerPassage Two
　　Taiwan police cannot decide whether to treat it as an extremely clever act of stealing or an even cleverer cheat (诈骗). Either way, it could be the perfect crime (犯罪)， because the criminals are birds-horning pigeons!
　　The crime begins with a telephone message to the owner of a stolen car: if you want the car back, pay up then. The car owner is directed to a park, told where to find a bird cage and how to attach money to the neck of the pigeon inside. Carrying the money in a tiny bag, the pigeon flies off。
　　There have been at least four such pigeon pick-ups in Changwa. What at first seemed like the work of a clever stay-at-home car thief, however, may in fact be the work of an even lazier and more inventive criminal mind-one that avoids (避免)not only collecting money but going out to steal the car in the first place. Police officer Chen says that the criminal probably has played a double trick: he gets money for things he cannot possibly return. Instead of stealing cars, he lets someone else do it and then waits for the car-owner to place an ad (启事) in the newspaper asking for help。
　　The theory is supported by the fact that, so far, none of the stolen cars have been returned. Also, the amount of money demanded-under 3,000 Taiwanese dollars-seems too little for a car worth many times more。
　　Demands for pigeon-delivered money stopped as soon as the press reported the story. And even if they start again, Chen holds little hope of catching the criminal. “We have more important things to do,” he said。
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　　26. After the car owner received a phone call, he 。
　　A. went to a certain pigeon and put some money in the bag it carried
　　B. gave the money to the thief and had his car back in a park
　　C. sent some money to the thief by mail
　　D. told the press about it
　　27. The “lazier and more inventive” criminal refers to 。
　　A. the car thief who stays at home
　　B. one of those who put the ads in the paper
　　C. one of the policemen in Changwa
　　D. the owner of the pigeons
　　28. The writer mentions the fact that “none of the stolen cars have been returned” to show 。
　　A. how easily people get fooled by criminals
　　B. what Chen thinks might be correct
　　C. the thief is extremely clever
　　D. the money paid is too little
　　29. The underlined word “they” in the last paragraph refers to 。
　　A. criminals B. pigeons
　　C. the stolen cars D. demands for money
　　30. We may infer from the text that the criminal knows how to reach the car owners because 。
　　A. he reads the ads in the newspaper
　　B. he lives in the same neighborhood
　　C. he has seen the car owners in the park
　　D. he has trained the pigeons to follow them
　　Passage Three
　　Last August, Joe and Mary Mahoney began looking at colleges for their 17-year-old daughter, Maureen. With a checklist of criteria in hand, the Dallas family looked around the country visiting half a dozen schools. They sought a university that offered the teenager’s intended major, one located near a large city, and a campus where their daughter would be safe。
　　“The safety issue is a big one,” says Joe Mahoney, who quickly discovered he wasn’t alone in his worries. On campus tours other parents voiced similar concerns, and the same question was always asked: what about crime? But when college officials always gave the same answer-“That’s not a problem here,” Mahoney began to feel uneasy。
　　“No crime whatsoever?” comments Mahoney today. “I just don’t buy it. ” Nor should he: in 1999 the U. S. Department of Education had reports of nearly 400,000 serious crimes on or around our campuses. “Parents need to understand that times have changed since they went to college,” says David Nichols, author of Creating a Safe Campus. “Campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation. ”
　　But getting accurate information isn’t easy. Colleges must report crime statistics by law, but some hold back for fear of bad publicity, leaving the honest ones looking dangerous. “The truth may not always be obvious,” warns S. Daniel Carter of Security on Campus, Inc, the nation’s leading campus safety watchdog group。
　　To help concerned parents, Carter promised to visit campuses and talk to experts around the country to find out major crime issues and effective solutions。
　　31. The Mahoneys visited quite a few colleges last August 。
　　A. to express the opinions of many parents
　　B. to choose a right one for their daughter
　　C. to check the cost of college education
　　D. to find a right one near a large city
　　32. It is often difficult to get correct information on campus crime because some colleges 。
　　A. receive too many visitors
　　B. mirror the rest of the nation
　　C. hide the truth of campus crime
　　D. have too many watchdog groups
　　33. The underlined word “buy” in the third paragraph means 。
　　A. mind B. admit
　　C. believe D. expect
　　34. We learn from the text that “the honest ones” in the fourth paragraph most probably refers to colleges 。
　　A. that are protected by campus security
　　B. that report campus crime by law
　　C. that are free from campus crime
　　D. that enjoy very good publicity
　　35. What is the text mainly about?
　　A. Exact campus crime statistics。
　　B. Crimes on or around campuses。
　　C. Effective solutions to campus crime。
　　D. Concerns about kids’ campus safety。 Passage Four
　　One of Britain’s bravest women told yesterday how she helped to catch suspected (可疑的) police killer David Bieber—and was thanked with flowers by the police. It was also said that she could be in line for a share of up to the ￡30,000 reward money。
　　Vicki Brown, 30, played a very important role in ending the nationwide manhunt. Vicki, who has worked at the Royal Hotel for four years, told of her terrible experience when she had to steal into Bieber’s bedroom and to watch him secretly. Then she waited alone for three hours while armed police prepared to storm the building。
　　She said: “I was very nervous. But when I opened the hotel door and saw 20 armed policemen lined up in the car park I was so glad they were there. ”
　　The alarm had been raised because Vicki became suspicious (怀疑) of the guest who checked in at 3 pm the day before New Year’s Eve with little luggage and wearing sunglasses and a hat pulled down over his face. She said: “He didn’t seem to want to talk too much and make any eye contact (接触). ” Vicki, the only employee on duty, called her boss Margaret, 64, and husband Stan McKale, 65, who phoned the police at 11 pm。
　　Officers from Northumbria Police called Vicki at the hotel in Dunston, Gateshead, at about 11:30 pm to make sure that this was the wanted man. Then they kept in touch by phoning Vicki every 15 minutes。
　　“It was about ten past two in the morning when the phone went again and a policeman said ’Would you go and make yourself known to the armed officers outside?’ My heart missed a beat. ”
　　Vicki quietly showed eight armed officers through passages and staircases to the top floor room and handed over the key。
　　“I realized that my bedroom window overlooks that part of the hotel, so I went to watch. I could not see into the man’s room, but I could see the passage. The police kept shouting at the man to come out with his hands showing. Then suddenly he must have come out because they shouted for him to lie down while he was handcuffed (带上手铐). ”
　　36. The underlined phrase “be in line for” (paragraph 1) means 。
　　A. get B. be paid C. ask for D. own
　　37. Vicki became suspicious of David Bieber because 。
　　A. the police called her
　　B. he looked very strange
　　C. he came to the hotel with little luggage
　　D. he came to the hotel the day before New Year’s Eve
　　38. Vicki’s heart missed a beat because 。
　　A. the phone went again
　　B. she would be famous
　　C. the policemen had already arrived
　　D. she saw 20 policemen in the car park
　　39. David Bieber was most probably handcuffed in 。
　　A. the passage B. the man’s room
　　C. Vicki’s bedroom D. the top floor room
　　40. The whole event probably lasted about hours from the moment Bieber came to the hotel to the arrival of some armed officers。
　　A. 6 B. 8 C. 11 D. 14
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　　SectionB
　　Directions：In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For questions41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A~G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps。(10points)
　　Researchers have found that drugs used to treat human seizures can delay aging in worms by as much as 50 percent. The roundworms used for the study are similar to humans in their molecular makeup, raising the
　　possibility that the drugs could also extend the life span of humans。
　　41
　　“By finding a class of drugs that delays aging we have found a relationship between the function of the nervous system and aging that was not well understood, ” said Kerry Komfeld, a geneticist at the Washington
　　University School of Medicine in St. Louis, Missouri. The findings are detailed this week in the journal Science。
　　The discovery came out of the thesis work by one of Komfeld’s graduate students, Kimberley Evason. About four years ago, Evason began exposing groups of the roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans to commercially available drugs to see if the drugs would delay aging or promote longevity。
　　42
　　Over eight months the scientists tested 20 drugs, all with negative results. Finally they tested the anticonvulsant drug ethosuzimide. Researchers found that the drug extended the life span of roundworms from 16. 7 days to 19. 6 days, a 17 percent increase。
　　43
　　The discovery that the drugs extend the life span of roundworms could have important implications fox human aging as well. There are strong similarities on the molecular level between the proteins and genes that
　　constitute the worm and those that make up other animals, including humans。
　　“Many basic processes are highly related, including neural function, insulin signaling, and probably important aspects of the aging process, ” Komfeld said. “There’s every reason to think that these animals an a good model for higher animals, such as people. ”
　　44
　　Ethosuzimide, which was developed in the 1950s, is commonly used to treat epilepsy, though it is no known precisely how the drug controls convulsions. There is no anecdotal evidence that it has had an anti-aglng effect in people. The next step, Komfeld says, is to test if the drugs have an anti-aging effect on animal like flies and mice。
　　Very little is known about the aging process. From genetic analysis, researchers have found that an in sulin-like signaling system regulates aging and longevity. A good diet can delay aging and extend a person life span. But scientists know virtually nothing about the effect of drugs on aging. “It’s a big void, ” Konfeld said。
　　In addition to delaying age-related degenerative changes, the drugs also increased neuromuscular activty, suggesting a link between the neuromuscular system and the aging process。
　　45
　　There may also be other targets not yet explored that affect aging and neuromuscular function. Said Kornfeld: “The process of aging remains mysterious. ”
　　A. But Komfeld said scientists will not know about the applicability of the drugs in humans until a similar study is done on humans. “What’s very encouraging is that these drugs were developed to treat humans, and they are well understood, because they’ve been used for a long time, ” he said。
　　B. Later the scientists discovered that two related anticonvulsant drugs also lengthened the lives of the worms-in the case of one drug, by almost 50 percent. “This was a big surprise to use, Komfeld said. ”“We didn’t think anticonvulsant drugs had any particular relationship to aging. That connection was completely unexpected. ”
　　C. Roundworms are a poor subject for experiments, because they are not like humans, even though their molecules are similar. For example, they have no bones, nor do they show emotions, making it difficult to know how exactly human subjects would react to these drugs in large quantities. However, using the worms allows experiments to be conducted quickly, because they do not live for long。
　　D. “Somehow the neural activity seems to regulate the aging of all of the body the skin, musculature, and reproductive tract, ” Kornfeld said. “Somehow the nervous system coordinates the progress of all these tissues, evidently, though the life stages. But we don’t know how it does that. ”
　　E. The discovery may also shed light on the little-understood aging process. Since the drugs act on the neuromuscular systems of both humans and worms, the findings hint at a link between neural activity and aging。
　　F. Unlike vertebrates, the worms are ideal subjects for the study of aging because of their short life spans, which last only a couple of weeks in a laboratory. The worm is well known in genetics, and the worm’s genome has been sequenced。
　　G. Use of this drug has been permitted by law since 1998 and wider use is now expected as a result of the studies. “We can clearly link this drug with human aging, but we still need to find proof, says Kornfeld optimistically. ” PartⅢ Translation
　　Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET。(15points)
　　Last Sunday，China’s central bank governor Zhou Xiaochuan said if necessary，the nation will consider widening the yuan’s trading band。
　　But any change in the yuan’s floating band will depend on the global economic situation and it’s not the only tool the country would use to make its currency more flexible，Zhou said at the Group of 20 meeting in Cape Town，South Africa。
　　China widened the yuan’s daily trading band against the U.S. dollar from plus or minus 0. 3 percent to 0. 5 percent in May。
　　However，market observers said some commercial banks are ordered by the central bank to hand in reserve requirements in foreign currencies next week，which will translate into demand for the U.S. dollar. This will somehow help slow down RMB’S appreciation against the greenback in the coming few days。
　　PartⅣ Writing
　　Section A
　　Directions: Write a letter of application for the position an Director of a Computer-Aided Learning Center. Try to make the letter interesting and show that you have enthusiasm for the job. Also state the qualifications you have for the job and your work experience. (10points)
　　Section B
　　Directions：Study the following pie chart carefully and write an essay based on the tips:
　　(1) Describe the picture。
　　(2) Show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below。
　　(3) Give your opinions or advice。
　　You should write at least 150 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET. (15points)

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