近10年考研英语阅读真题精选背诵文章目录:2009年

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近10年考研英语阅读真题精选背诵文章目录
　　Text1
　　Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting herd,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative connotation.
　　So it seems antithetical to talk about habits in the same context as creativity and innovation. But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.
　　But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the hippocampus, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately ingrain into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.
　　“The first thing needed for innovation is a fascination with wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of “The Open Mind” and an executive change consultant for Professional Thinking Partners. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide,’ just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider.’ ” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”
　　All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware, she says. Researchers in the late 1960 covered that humans are born with the capacity to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, relationally (or collaboratively) and innovatively. At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
　　The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us inherently use our innovative and collaborative modes of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything,” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book “This Year I Will...” and Ms. Markova’s business partner. “That’s a lie that we have perpetuated, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.” This is where developing new habits comes in.
　　21. The view of Wordsworth habit is claimed by being
　　A. casual B. familiar C. mechanical D. changeable.
　　22. The researchers have discovered that the formation of habit can be
　　A. predicted B. regulated C. traced D. guided
　　23.” ruts”(in line one, paragraph 3) has closest meaning to
　　A. tracks B. series C. characteristics D. connections
　　24. Ms. Markova’s comments suggest that the practice of standard testing ?
　　A, prevents new habits form being formed
　　B, no longer emphasizes commonness
　　C, maintains the inherent American thinking model
　　D, complies with the American belief system
　　25. Ryan most probably agree that
　　A. ideas are born of a relaxing mind
　　B. innovativeness could be taught
　　C. decisiveness derives from fantastic ideas
　　D. curiosity activates creative minds
　　答案：
　　21-25 ABCAA

kyone

　　Text 4
　　The most thoroughly studied in the history of the new world are the ministers and political leaders of seventeenth-century New England. According to the standard history of American philosophy, nowhere else in colonial America was “So much important attached to intellectual pursuits ” According to many books and articles, New England’s leaders established the basic themes and preoccupations of an unfolding, dominant Puritan tradition in American intellectual life.
　　To take this approach to the New Englanders normally mean to start with the Puritans’ theological innovations and their distinctive ideas about the church-important subjects that we may not neglect. But in keeping with our examination of southern intellectual life, we may consider the original Puritans as carriers of European culture adjusting to New world circumstances. The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.
　　The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men of impressive education and influence in England. `Besides the ninety or so learned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after 1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman, lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There men wrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old World audiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.
　　We should not forget , however, that most New Englanders were less well educated. While few crafts men or farmers, let alone dependents and servants, left literary compositions to be analyzed, The in thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality. A tailor named John Dane, who emigrated in the late 1630s, left an account of his reasons for leaving England that is filled with signs. sexual confusion, economic frustrations , and religious hope-all name together in a decisive moment when he opened the Bible, told his father the first line he saw would settle his fate, and read the magical words: “come out from among them, touch no unclean thing , and I will be your God and you shall be my people.” One wonders what Dane thought of the careful sermons explaining the Bible that he heard in puritan churched.
　　Mean while , many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion . “Our main end was to catch fish. ”
　　36. The author notes that in the seventeenth-century New England___________.
　　[A] Puritan tradition dominated political life.
　　[B] intellectual interests were encouraged.
　　[C] Politics benefited much from intellectual endeavors.
　　[D] intellectual pursuits enjoyed a liberal environment.
　　37. It is suggested in paragraph 2 that New Englanders__________.
　　[A] experienced a comparatively peaceful early history.
　　[B] brought with them the culture of the Old World
　　[C] paid little attention to southern intellectual life
　　[D] were obsessed with religious innovations
　　38. The early ministers and political leaders in Massachusetts Bay__________.
　　[A] were famous in the New World for their writings
　　[B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs
　　[C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World
　　[D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England
　　39. The story of John Dane shows that less well-educated New Englanders were often __________.
　　[A] influenced by superstitions
　　[B] troubled with religious beliefs
　　[C] puzzled by church sermons
　　[D] frustrated with family earnings
　　40. The text suggests that early settlers in New England__________.
　　[A] were mostly engaged in political activities
　　[B] were motivated by an illusory prospect
　　[C] came from different backgrounds.
　　[D] left few formal records for later reference
　　答案：
　　36-40 BBDAC