2012年考研英语（二）英译汉真题精析

考研网

　　Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate it into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)
        　　When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates。
        　　Lots of studies have found that well-education people form developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate. A big survey of Indian households in 2004 found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3%of all Indian over the age of 25. This "brain drain" has long bothered policymakers in poor counties .They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled worker who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospital and come up with clever new product for their factories to make.
        　　【必考词详解】
        　　worry ['wʌri] vi.担心,发愁(与about连用)
        　　migration [mai'greiʃən] n.迁移,迁徙
        　　concern [kən'sə:n] vt.①关于②涉及,关系到,影响到③关心,担心,使不安
        　　prospect ['prɔspekt] n.①指望,预期②可能性,前景,前途③景象,景色
        　　departure [di'pɑ:tʃə] n.离开,出发
        　　attract [ə'trækt] vt.①吸,吸引②引起(注意,兴趣等)
        　　immigration [,imi'greiʃən] n.移居,移民
        　　rule [ru:l] n.规则,规定,章程,条例vt.支配,统治
        　　privilege ['privilidʒ] vt.给予...特权或优待n.特权,优特
        　　particularly [pə'tikjuləli] ad.特别,尤其
        　　emigrant ['emigrənt] n.移民,移出a.移居(他国)的,移民的
        　　survey [sə:'vei] n.调查
        　　household ['haushəuld] n.家庭,户,一家人
        　　compare [kəm'pɛə] vt.①比较,对照②比喻为,比作
        　　drain [drein] n.不断外流,消耗vt.排出,流出
        　　fear [fiə] vt./n.①害怕,恐惧②担心,忧虑
        　　policymaker ['pɔlisi 'meikə] n.决策者
        　　bother ['bɔðə] vt.①烦扰,打搅②使恼怒③困惑,使不安
        　　deprive [di'praiv] vt.①剥夺,从...夺走,使丧失②免去...的职务
        　　come up with ①赶上②想出,提供(主意)

kytwo

        　　【真题超精解】
        　　①When people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world.
        　　[结构分析] 这句话的主句是they are usually concerned at the prospect(他们往往关心前景)。看到“of”我们要立即想到“A of B”翻译为“B的A”，其中A指的就是“prospect”， B指的是 “their best and brightest(最优秀的，最有前途的) ”。 departure to Silicon Valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world(到硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学)作为定语修饰prospect。When people in developing countries worry about migration (当发展中国家的人们为移民问题担心时)为When引导的是时间状语从句。
        　　[词义推敲] 这句话难点在于把“their best and brightest”翻译为 “最优秀、最有前途的”。 Silicon Valley译为硅谷。
        　　[参考译文] 当发展中国家的人们为移民问题担心时，他们往往关心的是最优秀、最有前途的到硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学的前景。
        　　②These are the kind of workers that countries like Britain Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates。
        　　[结构分析] 此句关键在于对两个that引导的从句的理解。第一个that从句that countries like Britain Canada and Australia try to attract by using immigration rules(像英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国通过移民政策去试着吸引的)作定语修饰workers，第二个that 从句that privilege college graduates(优待大学毕业生的)作定语修饰rules。
        　　[词义推敲] privilege在句中作为动词，翻译成中文“优惠，优待”，更符合中文表达习惯。
        　　[参考译文] 英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国给大学毕业生提供的优惠移民政策，就是为了吸引这部分人群。
        　　③Lots of studies have found that well-education people form developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate.
        　　[结构分析] 本句为含有that引导的宾语从句，主语为Lots of studies(许多研究)，谓语动词为found(发现，表明)，that引导的宾语从句that well-education people form developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate.意为“来自发展中国家的受过良好教育的人才尤其可能移民”。
        　　[词义推敲] are particularly likely to译为“尤其可能……”
        　　[参考译文] 诸多研究表明，来自发展中国家的受过良好教育的人才尤其可能移民。
        　　④They fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled worker who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospital and come up with clever new product for their factories to make.
        　　[结构分析] 本句的主语是they，fear(担心，害怕)为谓语动词，that后面为宾语从句，该宾语从句的主干是it hurts their economies(这伤害了他们国家的经济)，depriving them of much-needed skilled worker who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospital and come up with clever new product for their factories to make(夺去他们紧缺的技术人才，而这些人才本该在他们自己的大学任教，在他们自己的医院工作，为他们自己的工厂研发更智能的新产品)为现在分词作伴随状语，其中又包含who引导的定语从句。
        　　[词义推敲] deprive意为“剥夺，夺走”;clever在这里翻译为“聪明的”与new product(新产品)无法搭配， clever除了“聪明的”还有“精巧”之意，再结合这里说的是技术工人的重要性，我们可以翻译为“智能的”
        　　[参考译文] 他们担心这种情况会危及其经济发展，夺去他们紧缺的技术人才，而这些人才本该在他们自己的大学任教，在他们自己的医院工作，为他们自己的工厂研发更智能的新产品。
        　　【全文译文】
        　　当发展中国家的人们为移民问题担心时，他们往往关心的是最优秀、最有前途的到硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学的前景。英国、加拿大和澳大利亚等国给大学毕业生提供的优惠移民政策，就是为了吸引这部分人群。
        　　诸多研究表明，来自发展中国家的受过良好教育的人才尤其可能移民。2004年，曾针对印度家庭进行过一次大型调查，结果发现，近40%有移民倾向的人受过中学以上教育，而25岁以上的印度人只有约3.3%受过中学以上教育。“人才流失”问题长期以来一直让发展中国家的决策者很苦恼，他们担心这种情况会危及其经济发展，夺去他们紧缺的技术人才，而这些人才本该在他们自己的大学任教，在他们自己的医院工作，为他们自己的工厂研发更智能的新产品。