考研英语历年真题2018阅读要点Text 4（一）

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　　为了提升阅读能力，一定要将方法与实践相结合。历年真题是最宝贵的复习资料。为了帮助各位同学更好地复习，文都教育考研英语老师为大家梳理一下历年真题阅读文章中涉及的要点，包括词汇、短语、长难句以及简单的阅读方法。接下来看一下考研英语历年真题阅读要点之2018-Text 4（一），这篇文章主要探讨了美国邮政管理局面临的问题。
　　The U.S. Postal Service (USPS) continues to bleed red ink. It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue. Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs. There are many bankruptcies. Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality
　　bleed“流出，榨取（钱财）”；red ink“红墨水”，在此指“赤字，亏欠”；net loss“净亏损”，net weight“净重”，gross weight“总重量”；fiscal“财政的”；the 10th straight year“连续第十年”，straight“连续的”；expense“花费”；exceed“超过”；revenue“收入”；unfunded“未备基金的”；liability“债务”，这个词也可以表示“责任”，limited liability company“有限责任公司”；retirement“退休”；bankruptcy“破产”；squeeze“压榨”；bread-and-butter“赖以为生的”；first-class mail“特快邮件”；regulatory structure“管理结构”；deny“否认，拒绝”；flexibility“灵活性”；adjust... to...“调整...以适应...”；operation“运营”。
　　And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS’s ultimate overseer -- Congress -- insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected. This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.
　　interest groups“利益群体”；greeting-card maker“贺卡制造商”；exert self-interested pressure on“对...施加自私的压力”；ultimate“最终的”；overseer“监督”；insist“坚持认为”；aspect“方面”；status quo“现状”；depend on“依赖”；get protected“受到保护”；repeated attempts“不断的尝试”；reform legislation“改革的法律”，reform在此充当形容词；fail“失败”；leave“使得”；be unable to do“不能做某事”；defer“推迟，延期”；vital“至关重要的”；modernization“现代化”。
　　以上就是文都教育考研英语老师为大家梳理的2018年Text 4前两段的要点。为了简单高效完成复习任务，建议大家及早接触考研英语阅读，不断培养语感和解题能力。同时，结合阅读语境，词汇和语法的复习效果也会更佳，从而事半功倍！
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