考研英语历年真题阅读要点之2016-Text 3（一）

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　　就考研英语真题而言，阅读部分所占分值比重最大。为了帮助各位同学更好地复习，文都教育考研英语老师为大家梳理一下历年真题阅读文章中涉及的要点，包括词汇、短语、长难句以及简单的阅读方法。接下来看一下考研英语历年真题阅读要点之2016-Text 3（一），这篇文章主要探讨了企业所担负的社会责任对其造成的影响。
　　“There is one and only one social responsibility of business,” wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” But even if you accept Friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies -- at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.
　　social responsibility“社会责任”；prize-winning“获奖的”；that is“即”；resource“资源”；engage in“从事”；be designed to do“目的是”；profit“利益”；even if“即使”；premise“前提”；regard...as...“视为”；corporate“公司的”；shareholder“股东”；clear-cut“清晰的”；suggest“表明”；monetary value“货币价值”；at least“至少”；be prosecuted for“因...遭到检举”；corruption“腐败”。
　　The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.
　　spend money on...花费；estimate“评估”；consulting firm“咨询公司”；add value to“增加...的价值”；take...as...“看作，视为”；be of high quality“高品质”；be willing to do“乐意做某事”；as在此充当介词“作为”；indirect way“间接的方式”；donate to“捐赠”；good causes“慈善事业”；diffuse“弥散的”；halo effect“连锁反应”；whereby“凭借”；good deeds“善事”；consideration“关注”。
　　Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.
　　previous“先前的”；differentiate“区分，与...不同”；effect“效果，影响”；affect动词“影响”；attempt to do“尝试，试图”；look at“看待”；bribery“贿赂，受贿”；prosecution“起诉，检举”；consume“消费”；influence在此充当动词“影响”。
　　以上就是文都教育考研英语老师为大家梳理的2016年Text 3前三段的要点。建议各位同学从复习之初就接触阅读，不断培养语感以及解题能力。同时，词汇和语法的复习也可以结合阅读语境，记忆和掌握效果更佳。毕竟复习时间有限，希望各位同学可以采取简单高效的方法完成复习任务。
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