考研英语（二）历年真题阅读要点之2014-Text 3（一）

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　　阅读部分在整套考研英语试卷中所占的分值比重是最大的，因此突破阅读是考研英语过线甚至取得高分的关键。为了帮助大家更好地复习，文都教育考研英语老师为各位同学梳理一下历年真题阅读文章中涉及的要点，包括词汇、短语、长难句以及简单的阅读方法。接下来看一下2014年Text 3，这篇文章主要探讨了人机对抗的问题。
　　Hagel says we have designed jobs in the U.S that tend to be “tightly scripted” and “highly standardized” ones that leave no room for “individual initiative or creativity.” In short, these are the types of jobs that machines can perform much better at than human beings. That is how we have put a giant target sign on the backs of American workers, Hagel says.
　　design“设计”；scripted“照本宣科的”；standardized“标准化的”；leave no room for“不留余地”；initiative“主动性”；creativity“创造性”；in short“总之，简言之”；perform“执行，完成”；giant“巨大的”；target sign“靶征”。
　　It’s time to reinvent the formula for how work is conducted, since we are still relying on a very 20th century notion of work, Hagel says. In our rapidly changing economy, we more than ever need people in the workplace who can take initiative and exercise their imagination “to respond to unexpected events.” That’s not something machines are good at. They are designed to perform very predictable activities.
　　formula“准则”；conduct“实施”；rely on“依赖”，相当于rely upon，depend on/ upon；notion“想法”；changing“变化的”；more than ever“更加”；take initiative“积极主动”；exercise“锻炼”；imagination“想象力”；respond to“回应”；unexpected“意想不到的”；be good at“擅长”；predictable“可预测的”；activity“活动”。
　　As Hagel notes, Brynjolfsson and McAfee indeed touched on this point in their book. We need to reframe race against the machine as race with the machine. In other words, we need to look at the ways in which machine can augment human labor rather than replace it. So then the problem is not really about technology, but rather, “how do we innovate our institutions and our work practices?”
　　note“指出，特别提出”；touch on“提及，谈及”；reframe...as...可以理解为“重新定义”；in other words“换句话说”；look at“考虑，着眼于”；in which引导定语从句，针对这种介词+which的情况，介词可以提前，也可以不提前，但是介词提前构成介宾结构，关系更为密切；augment“增强”；human labor“人类劳动”；rather than“而不是”；replace“取代”；innovate“革新”；institution“制度”；practice“实践”。
　　以上就是文都教育考研英语老师为大家梳理的2014年考研英语真题阅读Text 3后三段的要点。努力固然重要，但是方法同样重要。各位同学一定要将努力和方法相结合，脚踏实地，循序渐进，高效完成复习任务。不要完全指望运气，因为机遇只会垂青有准备的人。
　　【重点推送】文都教育2018考研大纲专题已上线——点击进入，文都各位名师届时将为考生们做出全面详细的解析。