学几个嵌套式复杂句子,理清英语句子结构

考研族

大多数考生将考研复习重点放在了考研英语科目上，考研英语复习资料中最基础的是词汇和语法，语法相对较难，大家在复习时，要学几个嵌套式的复杂句子，理清句子结构。
所谓的嵌套式就是说这个句子里可能出现的是同一类型的从句，比如说都是名词从句;也可能是不同类型的从句，比如说既有名词从句，又有定语从句，还有状语从句。
例1：No one is in the least interested in the marks a little child gets on his test; what we are interested in is whether we can conclude from his mark on the test that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks which we think require “general intelligence”.
这里的从句关系有些复杂，具体如下：①what引导的从句what we are interested in在第二个并列句(即分号后的句子)中作主语;②whether引导的从句在第二个并列句中作表语;③that引导的从句that the child will do better or worse than other children of his age at tasks在第二个并列句的表语从句中作谓语动词conclude的宾语;④which引导的定语从句which we think require “general intelligence”修饰tasks，该定语从句中的谓语是require, 而we think是插入语。
这就是典型的嵌套式从句，其中包括两大类从句，一类是名词从句(有主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)，另一类则是定语从句。
参考译文：我们对孩子们在考试中取得的分数并不感兴趣，我们感兴趣的是是否能够从他们的考试分数中作出判断：这个孩子在我们认为需要“一般智商”的练习任务中的表现将会好于还是差于其他同龄孩子。
例2：The reason is that modern man seems unable to redesign his institutions fast enough to accommodate the new demands, the new intelligence, the new abilities of segments of society which, heretofore, have not been taken seriously.
该句中，由that引导的从句that modern man seems unable to redesign his institutions...the new abilities of segments of society作句子主干的表语;由which引导的从句为定语从句，它修饰的不是就近的短语the new abilities of segments of society，而是修饰它前边的整个表语从句，即reason的具体内容。
参考译文：原因在于，现代人似乎不能尽快及时地修正其已形成的各种习俗以适应那些迄今尚未被认真对待的、来自社会各阶层的新的需求、新的智慧和新的才干。
理清句子结构是正确理解文章内容的重要因素，同学们在备考过程中遇到此类句子，不能望而却步，相反，更要多加练习。
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