2018考研专硕复习之翻译硕士农业类笔译词汇盘点

考研族

　　翻译硕士中单词也是我们复习的重中之重，单词需要我们慢慢的积累，这样才能做到积少成多。为了方便大家记忆，文都考研小编特整理了考研专硕翻译硕士笔译词汇，并且将其分门别类的整理了一下，以下是考研专硕复习之翻译硕士农业类笔译词汇盘点，大家一起来记忆一下吧！
　　agricultural and sideline products 农副产品
　　agricultural commodities 农产品
　　agro-food systems 农业粮食系统
　　air stripping 空气清除
　　an agribusiness specialist 农业企业的专家
　　aquaculture farming system 水产养殖系统
　　artificial diet 加工的食物
　　biological agents 生物因子
　　biological control 生物控制
　　breeding cycle 生殖周期
　　capture-based aquaculture 基于捕捞的水产养殖
　　cereal importers 人物进口国
　　chemical contaminants 化学污染物
　　chemical herbicides 化学除草剂
　　chromosomal manipulation 染色体控制
　　chronic hunger 长期饥饿
　　circulation period 循环期
　　coastal plain 滨海平原
　　confined aquifer 被限制的含水层
　　conservation agriculture 保护性农业
　　control diet 对照食物
　　control of foot-and-mouth disease 口蹄疫防治
　　counter-season vegetables 反季节蔬菜
　　cover crops 覆盖作物
　　crop and livestock productivity 作物和家畜的生产率
　　crop failures 作物歉收
　　crop residues 作物秸秆
　　crop rotation 作物轮种
　　crossbreeding 杂交育种
　　deforestation rate 森林砍伐速度
　　degradation and overexploitation of natural resources 自然资源的退化和过度开发
　　depleted and overexploited areas 已经枯竭和过度开发地区
　　developmental stage 发育阶段
　　diagnostic reagent 诊断试剂
　　direct seeding 直接播种
　　disease and pest problems 病虫害
　　diversified food production 多样化粮食生产
　　double cropping 两季作物
　　drainage basin 排水盆地(阵雨形成的地表径流和地下水流具有共同出口的区域)
　　drainage canal 排放沟渠
　　dung water 粪水
　　early reaction to food crises 粮食危机早期反应
　　emergency food assistance 紧急粮食援助
　　extension systems 推广系统
　　farming techniques 耕作技术
　　farm power constraints 农机等制约因素
　　farm subsidy 农产品补贴
　　fodder crops 饲料作物
　　food chain 食物链
　　food crisis and implementation of the Comprehensive Framework for Action 粮食危机和综合行动框架的实施
　　Food Price Index 粮食价格指数
　　food processing, preservation and storage technologies 粮食加工、保存和储藏技术
　　food quality and safety 食品质量与安全
　　food security 食品安全
　　forest coverage 森林覆盖
　　genetic resources for food and agriculture 粮食农业遗传资源
　　green manure crops 绿肥作物
　　input technologies 投入技术
　　integrated pest management practices 病虫害综合治理方法
　　land degradation 土地退化
　　land reclamation 开垦荒地
　　low-cost technologies 低成本技术
　　major grain exporters 主要粮食出口国
　　market instability 市场不稳定性
　　mechanical tillage 机械松土
　　mixed-farming systems 混合耕作制度
　　mutation breeding 突变繁殖
　　New Stone Age 新古器时代
　　Non-agricultural purposes 非农用途
　　organic agriculture 生态农业
　　organic farming 有机耕作
　　persistent drought 持续干旱
　　pollution-free vegetables 无公害蔬菜
　　post-harvest food losses 收获后和销售信息
　　primitive society 原始社会
　　residues of antibiotics 抗生素残留
　　rural households and communities 农户和社区
　　slaughter animals 宰杀家畜
　　small-scale agro-processing 小规模农产品加工

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　　small-scale farmers 小农
　　soil biota 土壤生物
　　soil consistency 土壤坚固性
　　soil erosion 土壤侵蚀
　　soil improvement 土壤改良
　　soil micro-organisms 土壤微生物
　　soil nutrient balancing 土壤养分平衡
　　subsidize food 补贴粮食
　　subsistence farmers 生计农民
　　sustainable aquaculture 可持续水产养殖
　　sustainable food security policies 可持续食品安全政策
　　sustainable intensification of rained agriculture 雨育农业的可持续集约化
　　terrestrial and marine ecosystems 陆地和海洋生态系统
　　the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) 国际农业发展基金会
　　the World Food Program (WFP) 世界粮食计划署
　　tidal day 潮汐日
　　tillage function 松土功能
　　transfer and use of technologies 转让和使用技术
　　undernourished people 营养不良的人
　　waterborne disease 水源的疾病
　　water carrying capacity of a canal 渠道输水能力
　　weed control 控制杂草
　　zero or minimum tillage 零耕或少耕
　　Eroding purchasing power through a combination of falling incomes and real exchange rates afflicts the affordability of food, however cheap it has become on the international marketplace.
　　尽管国际市场的粮食那么便宜，收入不断减少和汇率下降影响了人们购买粮食的能力。
　　The problems of hunger and food insecurity have global dimensions and even increase dramatically in some regions.
　　饥饿和粮食不安全问题波及全球，在一些地区甚至更加严重。
　　We need to take urgent action to combat pests, drought, and natural resource degradation.
　　我们需要采取紧急行动，与病虫害、干旱以及延期资源退化作斗争。
　　Poverty, hunger and malnutrition are some of the principal causes of accelerated migration from rural to urban areas in developing countries.
　　贫困、饥饿和营养不良是发展中国家农村人口加速流入城市的一些主要原因。
　　Progress should include targeting on minimizing the vulnerability to, and impact of, climate fluctuations and pests and diseases.
　　应该在尽量减少气候波动和病虫害的危害及影响方面取得进展。
　　Natural and man-made disasters can often be anticipated or even prevented, and response must be timely and effective to assist recovery.
　　自然灾害和人为灾害往往可以预测，甚至可以预防，必须做出及时，有效的反应并为恢复提供援助。
　　Food prices remained high in many developing countries, and access to food by the poor also continued to be threatened by loss of employment, income and other effects of the global economic crisis.
　　在许多发展中国家，粮价依然居高不下，而就业机会和收入的丧失，以及全球经济危机造成的其他影响则继续威胁着穷人的粮食供应。
　　The bumper crop had facilitated replenishment of global reserves to pre-crisis levels.
　　粮食丰收使全球库存得到补充，使其恢复到危机前的水平。
　　Investing in agriculture is the key to reducing hunger and poverty.
　　投资农业是减少饥饿和贫困的关键。
　　The increase in hunger is not the consequence of poor global harvests but is caused by the world economic crisis.
　　饥饿人口的增加并非是全球粮食歉收的后果，而是由世界经济危机所导致。
　　The present situation of world food insecurity cannot leave us indifferent.
　　我们不能对当前世界粮食不安全的形势无动于衷。
　　Investment in agriculture must be increased because for the majority of poor countries a healthy agricultural sector is essential to overcome poverty and hunger and is a prerequisite for overall economic growth.
　　必须增加对农业的投资，因为对多数穷国来说，健康的农业部门对于战胜贫困和饥饿至关重要，是总体经济发展的先决条件。
　　To reduce the number of hungry people in the world, governments, supported by the international community, need to protect core investments in agriculture.
　　若要减少全球饥民人数，各国政府需要在国际社会的支持下，保护对农业的核心投资。
　　A bumper cereal crop is expected this year.
　　预计今年谷物将获得丰收。
　　High food prices added to the difficulties of the global poverty reduction efforts and affected regional stability.
　　高粮价加大了全球减贫压力，影响了地区稳定。
　　保护耕地 protect arable land
　　病虫害防治 pest and disease control
　　播种面积 sown area
　　“菜篮子”工程 the Vegetable Basket Project
　　餐饮业 catering trade
　　产业化扶贫 reduce poverty through industrial development
　　城乡低保 urban and rural recipients of subsistence allowances
　　单位面积产量 yield per unit area
　　滴灌 drip irrigation
　　动植物检疫 animal and plant quarantine
　　扶贫 poverty alleviation/anti-poverty effort
　　扶贫政策 poverty relief policy
　　复种 multiple cropping
　　副产品 by-products
　　副业 sideline production
　　改良土壤 soil improvement
　　耕地保护制度 system for protecting arable land

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　　耕作设施 farming equipment
　　灌溉面积 irrigated area
　　国家收购粮 grain purchased by the state
　　旱地 arid/non-irrigated land
　　洪涝灾害 flood and waterlogging
　　集体林权制度改革 reform of the system of collective forest rights
　　集约/粗放型农业 intensive/extensive agriculture
　　加强农产品市场调控 strengthen regulation of the farm products market
　　减免农业税 reduce and exempt the agricultural tax
　　减轻农民负担 lighten the burden on the peasants
　　建设高标准农田 develop farm plots that meet high standards
　　节约用地制度 system for economizing on the use of land
　　经济作物 cash crops
　　开垦荒地 reclaim wasteland
　　抗病/虫/旱性 disease-/pest-/drought-resistant
　　科教兴农 invigorate agriculture by relying on science and education
　　联合国粮食与农业组织 the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
　　良种补贴 subsidies for superior crop varieties
　　粮食安全 food security
　　粮食产业建设项目 projects for industrializing grain production
　　粮食储备 grain reserves
　　粮食品种 grain varieties
　　粮食直补 direct subsidies to grain producers
　　粮食综合生产能力 overall grain production capacity
　　粮食最低收购价 minimum grain purchasing prices
　　粮食作物 cereal crops
　　绿色革命 Green Revolution
　　绿色食品 green food
　　绿色证书 green certificate
　　苗圃 seedling nursery
　　民工潮 farmer’s frenzied hunt for work in cities
　　奶制品 dairy product
　　内陆水域 inland waters
　　农产品精深加工和销售 intensive processing and sale of agricultural products
　　农产品质量监管 monitor the quality of agricultural products
　　农村公益事业性建设项目 rural public facilities
　　农村集市 rural fair
　　农村居民人均纯收入 rural per capita net income
　　农村民生工程 projects designed to improve the lives of rural residents
　　农村综合改革 comprehensive reforms in rural areas
　　农机具购置补贴 subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and tools
　　农林牧副渔全面发展 all-round development of/in farming, forestry, animal, sideline production and fishery
　　农贸市场 farm produce market
　　农民的积极性 farmers’ enthusiasm
　　农民工 rural migrant workers
　　农民专业合作社 specialized farmer cooperatives
　　农田水利化 bring land under irrigation
　　农田水利建设 construction of water conservancy works
　　农业基础设施 agricultural infrastructure
　　农业技术 agricultural technology
　　农业科技创新成果推广 expand application of innovations in agricultural science and technology
　　农业科技投入 spend on agricultural science and technology
　　农用物资 farm inputs
　　农资综合补贴 general subsidies for agricultural production supplies
　　喷灌 sprinkler irrigation
　　人均占有量 per capita availability
　　“三农” agriculture, rural areas and farmers
　　社会主义新农村 Socialist New Country side
　　收购价 purchasing price
　　薯类作物 tuber crops
　　水产品 aquatic product
　　水产业 aquatic products industry; fishery
　　水稻田 paddy field
　　水利设施 water conservancy facilities
　　水土保持 water and soil conservation
　　水土流失 soil erosion
　　太空育种 space breeding
　　糖料作物 sugar-bearing crops
　　特色现代农业 modern agriculture with distinctive local features
　　梯田 terraced field
　　土地承包经营权流转 transfer of land use rights
　　土壤肥力 soil fertility
　　脱贫 shake off poverty
　　温饱型企业 subsistence agriculture
　　沃地 fertile land
　　消费信贷 consumer credit
　　小城镇建设 development of small towns
　　小额信贷 microcredit; microloan; microlending
　　兴修水利 undertake water conservancy projects
　　畜牧业 animal husbandry
　　遗传学研究 genetic research
　　议价粮 grain sold at a negotiated price
　　优化品种结构 optimize the variety mix
　　油料作物 oil-bearing crops
　　有机肥 organic fertilizer
　　杂交水稻
　　中国人口的70%多是农民。
　　More than 70 percent of China’s population is farmers.
　　推进社会主义新农村建设，我们必须把重点放在发展农村经济，增加农民收入上。
　　To promote the construction of a new socialist countryside, we must focus on developing the rural economy and increasing farmers’ incomes.

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　　发展现代农业，推进新农村建设，我们要靠政策、靠投入、靠科技、靠改革。
　　We must develop modern agriculture and promote the building of a new countryside through government policy, funding, application of science and technology and reform.
　　农业、农村和农民问题，是关系全面建设小康社会和现代化事业全局的重大问题。
　　The issues related to agriculture, rural areas and farmers have a major impact on building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and on the modernization drive.
　　坚持稳定和完善农村基本经营制度，坚持因地制宜，从实际出发，坚持尊重农民意愿，维护农民权益，反对形式主义和强迫命令。
　　We will continue to stabilize and improve the basic system for rural operations and continue to tailor measures to suit local conditions, proceed from the reality, respect the wishes of farmers, safeguard their rights and interests, and oppose formalism coercion and commandism.
　　我们要巩固和加强农业基础地位，促进农业稳定发展和农民持续增收。
　　We will consolidate and strengthen the position of agriculture as the foundation of the economy, promoting steady development of agriculture and continuous increase in farmer’s incomes.
　　我们要切实稳定种植面积，着力提高单产，优化品种结构，推进全国新增粮食生产能力建设。
　　We will effectively keep the area planted with grain crops stable, focus on increasing the yield per unit area and optimizing the variety mix, and increase the country’s grain production capacity.
　　我们要以市场需求为导向调整农业结构。
　　We will adjust the agricultural structure based on market demand.
　　我们要多渠道促进农民增收。
　　We will increase farmers’ incomes in a variety of ways.
　　我们要加大扶贫开发力度。
　　We will intensify our efforts to alleviate poverty through development.
　　我们要较大幅度提高粮食最低收购价，保持农产品价格合理水平，提高种粮农民积极性。
　　We will significantly raise minimum grain purchasing prices and keep the prices of agricultural products at a reasonable level to encourage farmers to grow more.
　　我们要现有土地承包关系要保持稳定并长久不变，赋予农民包括离乡农民工更加充分而有保障的土地承包经营权。
　　We will ensure that existing land contract relationships remain stable and unchanged for a long time to come and allow farmers, including migrant workers who leave their home villages, to enjoy their full and guaranteed rights to contract and manage land.
　　土地承包经营权流转必须坚持依法自愿有偿的原则。
　　The transfer of land use rights must proceed on the basis of voluntary participation and compensation and in accordance with the law.
　　我们要启动新一轮农村电网改造， 扩大农村沼气建设规模。
　　We will begin a new round of the upgrading of rural power grids and build more rural methane facilities.
　　我们要着力提高城镇综合承载能力，发挥城市对农村的辐射带动作用，促进城镇化和新农村建设良性互动。
　　We will increase the overall carrying capacity of cities and towns, ensure that urban areas stimulate the development of surrounding rural areas, and promote positive interaction between urbanization and the building of a new countryside.
　　城乡建设都要坚持最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度，切实保护农民合法权益。
　　When developing urban and rural areas, we must adhere to the strictest systems for protecting arable land and economizing on land to protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers.
　　我们要大力发展农产品加工业，推进农业产业化经营，支持批发市场和农贸市场升级改造，推动生产与市场对接。
　　We will develop the processing industry for agricultural products, promote industrialization in agriculture, support and the upgrading and renovation of markets for wholesale and farm produce, and maintain closer ties between production and the market.
　　我们要坚持不懈地消除贫困落后，让农民群众早日过上富裕安康的生活。
　　We will work unremittingly to eradicate poverty and backwardness so that rural residents can soon live a prosperous and happy life.
　　我们要加强对产粮大县的财政扶持。
　　We will increase fiscal support for major grain-producing counties.