2017考研英语阅读理解考点总结（一）

考研族

　　考研复习任重道远，2017考研英语的复习尤其是这样，需要考生认真打好阅读理解文章的基础，如此才能有获得高分的可能。而针对阅读的学习，我们的终极目标是做对题目，所以提升速度和掌握方法就显得格外重要，我们需要通过做题和练习寻找一些规律和方法，比如：容易出现考点的地方在哪儿，这可以提高我们阅读的针对性，从而大大提高做题的正确率。今天文都老师重点介绍的考点是：关注首段首句和尾段尾句。
　　西方人的思维是比较直接的，所以写文章时，主题大多在首段提出。考生在精析过一些真题文章之后就会发现，许多文章会开门见山，在首段就提出要说明的对象或者要论证的观点，而其主题句往往都是出现在首段第一句话或最后一两句话。例如2002年的这篇真题：
　　Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty. That compulsion has resulted in robotics—the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines. And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction, they have begun to come close.
　　文中首段首句及提出主题：人们有了创造力之初就开始设计各种工具帮助我们干活。此外，全文的尾段通常都会对文章的论证进行总结，这样的句子常常出出现在尾段的第一句话或最后一句话。有时候，通过一些标志性词汇或者短语，我们可以更快地找到这些总结性句子，如：all in all, in short, to conclude, in consequence, in summary, in a word, as a result, therefore, accordingly, thus 等。
　　What they found, in attempting to model thought, is that the human brain’s roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined. They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment. But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98 percent that is irrelevant, instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd. The most advanced computer systems on Earth can’t approach that kind of ability, and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.
　　大纲明确要求考生“要明确主旨要义”，所以学会把握文章主题句非常重要，这是必考的一个考点。在文章主题明确了之后，考生还要注意每个段落的首句和尾句也经常是该段落的中心主旨句，因此也是出题的重点区域，涉及的问题包括了中心思想题、推理判断题和细节题等。在进行快速阅读的时候，考生只需要浏览文章每一段的第一句话就大致能够判断这篇文章的中心主旨。希望大家能够熟练运用这种阅读方法，2017考研英语高效的做题!