1997年考研英语翻译真题及答案

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考研英语翻译题分值10分，其规定是，能将一般难度的英语短文译成汉语，理解基本正确，译文达意。一般来说，考研英语翻译主要是长句和短句的翻译，难度一般较大，不过如果我们能够掌握足够的技巧就会事半功倍的效果。下面新东方在线考研整理历年考研英语翻译真题及参考答案，同学们可以参考复习！
    1997年考研英语翻译真题及答案
    　　Section IV English-Chinese Translation
        Directions:
    Read the following passage carefully and then translate the underlined
sentences into Chinese. Your translation must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET
2. (15 points)
    Do animals have rights? This is how the question is usually put. It sounds
like a useful, ground-clearing way to start. 1) Actually, it isn’t, because it
assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the
world does not have.
    On one view of rights, to be sure, it necessarily follows that animals have
none. 2) Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social
contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. Therefore, animals
cannot have rights. The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd,
for exactly the same reason, so is the idea that tigers have rights. However,
this is only one account, and by no means an uncontested one. It denies rights
not only to animals but also to some people -- for instance, to infants, the
mentally incapable and future generations. In addition, it is unclear what force
a contract can have for people who never consented to it: how do you reply to
somebody who says “I don’t like this contract”?
    The point is this: without agreement on the rights of people, arguing about
the rights of animals is fruitless. 3) It leads the discussion to extremes at
the outset: it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with
the consideration humans extend to other humans, or with no consideration at
all. This is a false choice. Better to start with another, more fundamental,
question: is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?
    Many deny it. 4) Arguing from the view that humans are different from
animals in every relevant respect, extremists of this kind think that animals
lie outside the area of moral choice. Any regard for the suffering of animals is
seen as a mistake -- a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly
be directed to other humans.
    This view, which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to
chopping wood, may seem bravely “logical”. In fact it is simply shallow: the
confused center is right to reject it. The most elementary form of moral
reasoning -- the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl -- is to weigh others’
interests against one’s own. This in turn requires sympathy and imagination:
without which there is no capacity for moral thought. To see an animal in pain
is enough, for most, to engage sympathy. 5) When that happens, it is not a
mistake: it is mankind’s instinct for moral reasoning in action, an instinct
that should be encouraged rather than laughed at.
    　　答案解析
        Section IV: English-Chinese Translation (15 points)
    1. 事实并非如此, 因为这种问法是以人们对人的权利有共同认识为基础的, 而这种共同认识并不存在。
    2. 有些哲学家论证说, 权利只存在在于社会契约中, 是责任与权益相交换的一部分。
    3. 这种说法从一开始就将讨论引向两个极端, 它使人们认为应这样对待动物：要么像对人类自身一样关切体谅, 要么完全冷漠无情。
    4. 这类人持极端看法, 认为人与动物在各相关方面都不相同, 对待动物无须考虑道德问题。
    5. 这种反应并不错, 这是人类用道德观念进行推理的本能在起作用, 这种本能应得到鼓励, 而不应遭到嘲弄。