2011年北京外国语大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案

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    2011年北京外国语大学翻译硕士考研真题及答案
    　　I. Phrase Translation
    APEC: 亚太经合组织(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)
    PPI: 生产者物价指数(Producer Price Index)
    POS machines: 销售终端机
    chartered plane: 包机
    down-payment requirement: 订金,首付,分期付款中的第一次付款
    makeshift hospital: 临时医院
    bailout money: 救助基金
    domestic abuse: 家庭虐待
    home appliances: 家用电器
    quantitative easing: 量化宽松
    Big Bang: 宇宙大爆炸
    House of Commons: (英国)下议院
    deposit reserve requirement ratio: 存款准备金率
    Cantonese Opera: 粤剧
    product placement ads: 植入式广告
    经济刺激方案: economic stimulus package
    包容性增长: inclusive growth
    落地签证: landing visa
    黑帮: sinister gang
    二房东: sublessor
    紧凑型轿车: compact car
    潜规则: hidden rules
    留守儿童: left-behind children
    良性循环: virtuous circle
    无党派人士: non-party personage/Independent
    下半旗致哀: fly/hang/hoist a flag at half-mast to express mourning for the
dead
    玩忽职守: neglect of duty
    拆迁费: relocation compensation
    贫富两极分化: polarization between the rich and the poor
    厨房重地闲人免进: The kitchen, staff only.
    　　II. Passage translation
    Section A Chinese to English
    1, The Dead Sea, shared by Israel and Jordan, is the lowest spot on Earth.
Its shoreline is about 400 meters below sea level. As the world’s saltiest large
body of water, averaging a salt content 6 times higher than that of any ocean,
the Dead Sea supports no life. With no outlet, the water that flows into the
Dead Sea evaporates in the hot, arid air, leaving the minerals. The Jordan River
is the chief source of the incoming water, but since the 1960s much of its water
has been diverted for irrigation. Its length has already shrunk by more than a
third, and, while the sea will never entirely disappear due to evaporation
slowing down as surface area decreases and saltiness increases, the Dead Sea as
we know it could become a thing of the past.
    参考译文:
    死海位于以色列与约旦交界,是世界上海拔勒氏的地方。它的湖岸线位于海平面之下400米。死海是世界上盐度最高的水体,平均盐度是其他海域的6倍以上，因此生物很难在这样的湖水中存活。死海没有出
口，因此流入的河水在炎热干燥的空气中不断蒸发,矿物质则沉淀下来。约旦河是死海湖水的主要来源，但是从20世纪60年代以来,其河水大量被截流用于灌溉，导致死海面积缩小7三分之一以上。虽然死海的面积在
缩小，盐度在増加，但与此同时,它的水分蒸发也放缓了，因此死海并不会完全消失。但是即便如此,我们所了解的死海依然很有可能成为历史。
    2, Cambridge psychologists and computer scientists have developed a mobile
phone technology which can tell if a caller is happy, angry, bored or sad. The
Emotion Sense technology will enable psychologists to show links between moods,
location and people. It uses speech-recognition software and phone sensors
attached to standard smart phones to assess how people’s emotions are influenced
by day-to-day factors.
    The sensors analyze voice samples and then place them into 5 emotional
categories:happiness, sadness, fear, anger and a neutral category (such as
boredom or passivity). Scientists then cross-reference these emotions against
surroundings, the time of day and the caller’s relationship with the person they
are speaking to. Results from a pilot scheme revealed that callers are happier
at home, sadder at work and display more intense emotions in the evenings.
    参考译文:
    剑桥大学的心理学家和计算机科学家们日前开发出一项手机技术，借此可判断出通话者当时的心情。这项名为“情绪感知”的技术可以帮助心理学家们找到情绪、地点和人物之间的联系。它通过附着在标准智能手机上的语音识别软件和电话传感器，来评测人们的情绪如何受到日常因素的影响。
    电话传感器分析语音样本后，将其归入5个情感类别：快乐、难过、恐惧、愤怒和中性(如无聊和被动)。然后科学家们将这些情绪与环境、时段及通话双方的关系进行交叉对照。试验结果表明，人们在家打电话时心情比较愉悦，工作时比较沮丧，而在晚间打电话感情更丰富。
    Section B English to Chinese
    1,
网球是展示生命激情与活力的”运动芭蕾”，广东网球中心的建筑本身是展示力与美的动感舞台，既优雅又富含现代元素。网球中心是集竞技、休闲于一体的立体体育文化公园。两个网球场错落有致，形成富有张力的线条轮廓，契合体育运动所带来的动态之美。
    参考译文:
    Tennis is the ballet of sports, featuring dynamics and passion of life.
Guangdong Tennis Center, the architecture itself is a dynamic stage showcasing
power and beauty of the sport, both elegant and rich in modern elements. The
center is more than a venue for playing sports, for it also serves as a
recreational park for everyone. There are two courts in the center. Their
streamlines are showing the beauty of tension, the vitality of power and the
attraction of the sport.
    2,
漓江是数千年来无数文人志士获得灵感的地方。两岸是连绵的山峰，平静的河水倒映出魔幻般的美景，宛如童话一般。山峰在薄雾笼罩下时隐时现，令人陶醉。泛舟漓江，每个转弯处都能找到新奇，或见懒洋洋的水牛拉着大车，或见渔民在狭窄的竹筏上悠然自得。
    参考译文:
    The Li River has inspired writers and artists for thousands of years. The
Li River snakes through a fairy-tale landscape of conical limestone peaks, its
smooth waters exquisitely mirroring the magical scenery. The vistas are
particularly enchanting when flowing mists weave themselves around the peaks,
hiding them and then exposing them in moments of surprise. Each bend of the
river reveals something new and interesting to see, from lumbering water buffalo
pulling carts or cooling off in the river to fishermen gliding on narrow bamboo
rafts.