失眠
Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are
using__1__ therapies，even while there are a few treatments that do work.
Millions of Americans __2__awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink
or __3__an pill，hoping it will make them sleepy.__4__ experts agree all that
self-medicating is a bad idea，and the causes of chronic insomnia remain__5__.
Almost a third of adults have trouble sleeping，and about 10 percent have__6__ of
daytime impairment that signal true insomnia. But __7__the complaints，scientists
know surprisingly little about what causes chronic insomnia，its health
consequences and how best to treat it，a panel of specialists __8__together by
the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday. The panel called__9__a
broad range of research into insomnia，__10__that if scientists understood its
__11__causes，they could develop better treatments. Most，but not all，insomnia is
thought to __12__other health problems，from arthritis and depression to
cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia came first or
was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping in__13__complicates
those other problems. Other diseases __14__，the risk of insomnia seems to
increase with age and to be more __15__among women，especially after their 50s.
Smoking，caffeine and numerous __16__drugs also affect sleep. The NIH is spending
about $200 million this year on sleep-related research，some__17__to specific
disorders and others __18__the underlying scientific laws that control the
nervous system of sleep. The agency was__19__the panel‘s review before deciding
what additional work should be__20__ at insomnia. 1. [A] unproven [B] unknown
[C] improper [D] imperative 2. [A] fall [B] lie [C] seem [D] become 3. [A]
prescribe [B] pop [C] abuse [D] experiment 4. [A] And [B] Though [C] Thus [D]
But 5. [A] peculiar [B] anonymous [C] mysterious [D] unexpected 6. [A] signals
[B] symptoms [C] signs [D] symbols 7. [A] in addition to[B] except for [C] owing
to [D] for all 8. [A] pulled [B] collected [C] brought [D] drawn 9. [A] on [B]
for [C] up [D] in 10. [A] noting [B] notifying [C] nosing [D] nominating 11. [A]
undertaking[B] underlining [C] underlying [D] undermining 12. [A] cause [B]
accompany [C] follow [D] attend 13. [A] short [B] case [C] essence [D] turn 14.
[A] inside [B] outside [C] aside [D] besides 15. [A] common [B] popular [C]
frequent [D] regular 16. [A] conscription[B] description [C] subscription[D]
prescription 17. [A] aimed [B] targeted [C] designated [D] designed 18. [A]
examining [B] inspecting [C] verifying [D] assessing 19. [A] conducting [B]
awaiting [C] receiving [D] considering 20. [A] assigned [B] charged [C] directed
[D] attended答案1.A 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.A
16.D 17.B 18.A 19.B
20.C总体分析本文主要介绍了对失眠的研究工作。文章第一段指出慢性失眠是一个重要的公共健康问题，但其致病原因仍是个迷。第二段介绍了(美)全国卫生研究所一个专家小组的结论，该小组呼吁对失眠进行广泛的研究。第三段讨论了失眠与其他因素，如疾病、年龄、药物等的关系。第四段介绍了(美)全国卫生研究所对失眠正在进行的研究情况。
全文翻译慢性失眠是一个主要的公共健康问题。而且，太多人正使用未经验证的治疗方法，尽管有些方法确实是有效的。上百万的美国人夜里睡不着觉，躺着数羔羊、喝杯烈酒或吞个药片，希望这会使他们产生困意。然而，专家们一致认为，自作主张乱吃药并不是解决失眠的好方法，导致慢性失眠的原因目前还是一个谜。
几乎有1/3的成年人存在睡眠障碍，而且大约10%的人有白天功能减退的症状，这些症状表明他们确实患上了失眠症。但是，一个由(美)全国卫生研究所召集的专家小组在周三得出这样的结论：尽管(社会上关于长期失眠的)抱怨很多，但科学家们对长期失眠的原因，它对健康的影响以及如何有效地治疗都知之甚少。该专家小组呼吁对失眠症进行广泛研究，指出如果科学家们了解了失眠的潜在原因，他们可能会发现更好的治疗方法。
很多，但不是所有的失眠症被认为伴随着其他健康问题产生，从关节炎、抑郁到心血管疾病。而问题通常是不知道是先产生失眠，还是失眠是其他疾病的结果，以及失眠如何又使其他问题变得更加复杂。撇开其他疾病不说，失眠的可能性随着年龄的增加而增加，而且在妇女中更加普遍，尤其是50岁以后。吸烟、咖啡因及众多的处方药也影响睡眠。
(美)全国卫生研究所今年要花大约2000亿美元用于睡眠的相关研究，其中一些以特定的(睡眠)紊乱为目标，另外一些观察控制睡眠神经系统的潜在科学规律。该机构正等待专家小组的评论以决定对失眠进行的下一步研究工作。
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发表于 2017-8-6 23:11:15