考研辅导：GCT英语语法非谓语动词(全)4

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① 时间
    Looking up suddenly, Robert saw a rainbow in the sky.
    Floating on water, a ship displaces an amount of water equal to its own
wweight.
    Hearing the news that her son was rescued, she felt greatly relieved.
    ② 原因
    Not knowing how to pronounce the word “plough”, the Frenchman looked up it
in a dictionary.
    Considering the importance of the experiment, they checked the result again
and again.
    Living in a remote village, we rarely have visitors coming.
    ③ 条件
    This same thing, happening in the peacetime, would be a great disaster.
    Unless meeting with unexpected difficulties at the office today, I shall be
home early tonight.
    ④ 让步
    Granting the achievements to be great, we have no reason to be
conceited.
    Walking and sleeping, he has the plan in his mind.
    The chemical composition of water is H2O, whether being solid, liquid or
vapor.
    ⑤ 结果
    Their car was caught in the traffic jam, thus causing their delay.
    We introduced a lot of advanced devices, thus saving much time and
labor.
    ⑥ 目的
    The people are working hard, striving to realize our country’s
modernization.
    We held a meeting, marking the anniversary of his death.
   
                    

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    ⑦ 方式(也称做伴随)
    Theu stood by the roadside, watching the parade.
    She stood motionlessly vacantly, looking at the sea.
    They sat together, studying carefully the design of the new project.
    5)省略不定式小品词to的情形
    在不定式中，小品词to有时可以省略。主要在以下几种情形中：
    ① 在由make, let, see, feel, watch, have, hear, help, notice, observe, listen
to, look at等动词引出的作宾语补语的情况时。
    ② 在介词but, except, besides 后(动词谓语必须是do，否则还需要小品词to)。如;
    What do you like to do besides swim and play football?
    Before breakfast we have no class but (except) to read English aloud.
    When the enemy surrounded the house, they had no choice but to burn all the
important documents.
    ③ 在had better, had best, had as good(宁可), would rather … than, would sooner
… than, might as well, rather than后。如：
    He had as good study English instead of German. 他宁可学英语也不愿意学德语。
    They would rather try and fail than give it up. 他们宁愿试了失败也不愿意轻易放弃。
    Let’s finish the work now rather than leave it off till tomorrow.
    我们最好今晚把这活干完也别推到明天。
    He resigned rather than take part in such a diahonest transaction.
    他宁愿辞职也不愿干这桩肮脏的交易。
    I would rather die standing than live kneeling. 我宁愿站着死不愿跪着生。