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2)宾语
第一类是有些动词之后面只能使用动名词做宾语。这些动词有:admit(承认),acknowledge, appreciate(感激), avoid,
consider, contemplate, delay, deny, detest, endure, enjoy, excuse, evade, face,
finish, facilitate, fancy, favor, forgive, can’t help, imagine, include,
involve, mention, mind, miss, postpone, practise, pardon, resent, resist,
require, risk, stand, suggest, understand, be worth, feel like, can’t stand,
think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent … (from), keep … from, stop …(from,
protect … from, set about, be engaged in, spend … (in), succeed in, be used to,
look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like等等。如:
They haven’t finished building the dam. 他们还没有建好大坝。
We have to prevent the air from being polluted. 我们必须阻止空气被污染。
He is considering changing a job. 他正在考虑换个工作。
第二类是既能带动名词又能带不定式作宾语的动词:attempt, begin, cease, continue, dread, forget,
hate, intend, like, neglect, omit, prefer, propose, remember, start, try.
具体使用情形请看下述详细解释:
① 在begin, start, continue, like, hate, cease等后可以使用两种结构,无有区别。如:
Will you continue gardening/to garden after dinner? 饭后你继续干花园的活,好吗?
She likes to be flattered/being flattered. 她喜欢别人奉承她。
② need, want, require,
deserve等动词表示“需要,值得”时,有两种结构可以用:一是使用动名词的主动式表被动;二是使用不定式的被动式。两者没有意义上的区别。如:
The flowers want watering. = The flowers want to be watered. 花该浇水了。
My hair needs cutting. = My hair needs to be cut. 我的头发该理了。
His performance deserves praising. = His performance deserves to be
praised.
他的工作应该受到表扬。
③ remember, forget, regret等后面使用动词不定式表示未发生的动作;而使用动名词时表示已经发生的动作。如:
I regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you employment.
我很遗憾地通知你我们无法安排你的就业。
I regret being unable to help you. 我很遗憾当时未能帮你。
Don’t forget to post the letter on your way to work. 别忘了上班的路上把信寄走。
I forget posting the letter you gave me thins morning. 我忘了把你今天早上给我的信发走。
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