2016考研英语阅读暑期训练：教育类（14）

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暑期集训来了，如何在暑期两个月创造出双倍的价值是每个考生想要达到的目标。这就需要加倍的努力和科学的规划了。英语方面的复习，大家要持续性背单词，阅读、写作及翻译要多加练习，总结方法技巧，活学活用。下面新东方在线和大家分享教育类的阅读模拟题，大家不妨集中练习，提升阅读速度和做题技巧。
    2016考研英语阅读暑期训练：教育类（14）
    When it comes to schooling， the Herrera boys are no match for the Herrera
girls. Last week， four years after she arrived from Honduras， Martha， 20，
graduated from Fairfax High School in Los Angeles. She managed decent grades
while working 36 hours a week at a Kentucky Fried Chicken. Her sister， Marlin，
22， attends a local community college and will soon be a certified nurse
assistant. The brothers are a different story. Oscar， 17， was expelled two years
ago from Fairfax for carrying a knife and later dropped out of a different
school. The youngest， Jonathan， 15， is now in a juvenile boot camp after running
into trouble with the law. “The boys get sidetracked more，” says the kids'
mother， Suyapa Landaverde. “The girls are more confident.”
    This is no aberration. Immigrant girls consistently outperform boys，
according to the preliminary findings of a just-completed， five-year study of
immigrant children——the largest of its kind， including Latino， Chinese and
Haitian kids——by Marcelo and Carola Suarez-Orozco of the Harvard Graduate School
of Education. Though that trend holds for U.S.-born kids as well， the reasons
for the discrepancy among immigrants are different. The study found that
immigrant girls are more adept at straddling cultures than boys. “The girls are
able to retain some of the protective features of [their native] culture”
because they're kept closer to the hearth， says Marcelo Suarez-Orozco， “while
they maximize their acquisition of skills in the new culture” by helping their
parents navigate it.
    Consider the kids' experiences in school. The study found that boys face
more peer pressure to adopt American youth culture——the dress， the slang， the
disdain for education. They're disciplined more often and， as a result， develop
more adversarial relationships with teachers——and the wider society. They may
also face more debilitating prejudices. One teacher interviewed for the study
said that the “cultural awareness training” she received as part of her
continuing education included depictions of Latino boys as “aggressive” and
“really macho” and of the girls as “pure sweetness.”
    Gender shapes immigrant kids' experiences outside school as well. Often
hailing from traditional cultures， the girls face greater domestic obligations.
They also frequently act as “cultural ambassadors，” translating for parents and
mediating between them and the outside world， says Carola Suarez-Orozco. An
unintended consequence： “The girls get foisted into a responsible role more than
the boys do.” Take Christina Im， 18， a junior at Fairfax who arrived from South
Korea four years ago. She ranks ninth in a class of 400 students and still finds
time to fix dinner for the family and work on Saturdays at her mother's clothing
shop. Her brother? “He plays computer games，” says Im.
    The Harvard study bears a cautionary note： If large numbers of immigrant
boys continue to be alienated academically——and to be clear， plenty perform
phenomenally——they risk sinking irretrievably into an economic underclass. Oscar
Herrera， Martha's dropout brother， may be realizing that. “I'm thinking of
returning to school，” he recently told his mother. He ought to look to his
sisters for guidance.
    注(1)：本文选自Newsweek，7/1/2002，p51;
    注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2005年真题Text 1.
    　　1. In the opening paragraph， the author introduces his topic
by
    [A]posing a contrast
    [B]justifying an assumption
    [C]making a comparison
    [D]explaining a phenomenon
    　　2. The statement “they also frequently act as ‘cultural
ambassadors’”(Line two， Paragraph4) implies that
    [A]they work as a translator for their parents
    [B]they help their parents have a better understanding of the foreign
culture
    [C]they encourage their parents to go into the outside world
    [D]their parents help them realize their dream of becoming an
ambassador.
    　　3. Immigrant boys do not fare well in the outside world because of
the following reasons，except that
    [A]American youth culture has a bad influence on the boys
    [B]people have prejudice against them
    [C]their sense of responsibility is not as strong as that of the girls
    [D]they do not get well along with the teachers and the outside world
    　　4. Marcelo and Carola Suarez-Orozco have eventually found in their
study that
    [A]the immigrant boys should not be allowed to go into the outside
world
    [B]the immigrant boys have no judgment about the youth culture
    [C]the immigrant girls do a better job than the immigrant boys
    [D]the immigrant boys should be severely disciplined
    　　5. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
    [A]All the dropouts should receive good education.
    [B]Many immigrant boys are likely to fall into trouble in the future.
    [C]Schooling education has been neglected.
    [D]More attention should be paid to the immigrant children.
    　　答案：CBACB