2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：伊朗大学的苏醒

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    2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：伊朗大学的苏醒
   
    Iran's universities
    大学在伊朗
    Breathing again
    重新苏醒
    The new president is giving students a longer leash
    新总统将为学生提供更大的自由发展空间
    “AT LEAST one thing hasn't changed”, remarked aTehran University professor
who had recentlyreturned to work after several years. “The faculty still gossips
terribly.” But under PresidentHassan Rouhani bigger changes onIran's leading
campus—and perhaps in universities elsewhere—may also be on the way.
    “至少有一点没有改变”，德黑兰大学一位重返工作岗位不久的教授对此评论道，“学院里依旧流言四起。”但是在总统哈桑鲁哈尼的带领下，伊朗的主要院校或者各个地方的大学将会发生更大的变化。
    One sign of this was the recent sacking ofTehranUniversity's conservative
chancellor.Appointed in 2008 by Mr Rouhani's populist predecessor, Mahmoud
Ahmadinejad, he hadoverseen the expulsion of independent-minded students and
academics, promoting mediocreyes-men and stifling the intellectual
atmosphere.
    最近德黑兰大学保守派校长的解雇是其迹象之一。在2008年被鲁哈尼总统的前任—拥趸民粹主义的马哈茂德艾哈迈迪内贾德所任命，他曾监督驱逐具有个人主义思想的学生和学者，支持具有中庸思想的服从主义者从而形成了令人窒息的文化氛围。
    Since his departure, things have loosened up. Last month over 1,000
students gathered tohear a lecture by Immanuel Wallerstein, an 83-year-old,
left-wing American sociologist. Widelytranslated into Persian, he is respected
acrossIran's intellectual spectrum, albeit undervarious interpretations. For
some, he is a herald ofAmerica's decline, affirmingIran's officialnarrative. For
others, he still represents America, even if he challenges the global status
quo.
    自从鲁哈尼的上任以来，这一方面有所放松。上个月有1000多名学生聚集在一起参加了美国83岁的左翼社会学家伊曼纽尔沃勒斯坦的讲座。他的观点被广泛的翻译成波斯语，尽管有着不同的诠释方式，伊曼纽尔沃勒斯坦在伊朗的学术界备受尊重。在一些人看来，他预示着美国的衰落，肯定了伊朗官方的叙述，然而另外一些人认为他依旧代表着美国，尽管他向全球的现状发起了挑战。
    In the early years of this century, under the presidency of Muhammad
Khatami, Westernintellectuals visited quite often. Under Mr Ahmadinejad, they
virtually stopped coming. But sinceMr Rouhani was elected last summer,
intellectual waters are being tested again. Hosted by theIranian Sociological
Association, Mr Wallerstein's lecture tour included two other
notableuniversities, atShirazandIsfahan.
    在本世纪早期，在穆罕默德哈塔米总统的领导下，西方的知识分子经常访问伊朗。在艾哈迈迪内贾德当政时，他们几乎停止了往来。但是自从鲁哈尼去年夏天当选总统，学术界再次活跃起来。在伊朗社会学会的主持下，沃勒斯坦的巡回演讲在另外两所著名的大学设拉子和伊斯法罕举办。
    Many of the students did not know who he was, but wanted to see an American
scholaranyway. When he observed that third-world regimes born out of revolution
tended to createthe same social and economic problems their founders had
promised to solve, a frisson rippledthrough the ssembly. At the back of the
hall, where students craned to see him, whistles andapplause erupted.
    许多学生并不知道沃勒斯坦是谁，但是不管怎么说他们期待着见到这位来自美国的学者。他觉察到诞生于革命的第三世界政权存在着社会经济问题死灰复燃的迹象，而这些问题也正是政权建立者们曾经承诺解决的，这一现象在议会中引起了强烈的反响。在大厅的后面学生们伸长着脖子去看沃勒斯坦，爆发出热烈的掌声和间或的口哨声。
    1.loose up 收集
    例句:The gleaners gathered up the loose ears ofcorns.
    拾谷穗的人把掉落的谷穗收集起来。
    2.want to 想去;想要
    例句:The difference between who you are and whoyou want to be is what you
do.
    你是什么样的人和你想成为什么样的之间的差距就是，你做了什么。
    3.promise to 承诺;保证
    例句:Claire had made me promise to tell her the truth.
    克莱尔要我保证把真相告诉她。
    4.even if 即使;纵然
    例句:Even if the amendment is passed it can be defeated judicially.
    即使修正案获得通过，也有可能通过司法途径被废除。