2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：The gay vote

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    2016考研英语阅读题源经济学人文章：The gay vote
    The gay vote
    同性恋投票
    Coming out
    公之于众
    The Conservative Party is winning over some gayvoters
    保守党争取到一些同性恋的投票
    True pink
    纯粉色
    WHEN the Conservative prime minister, David Cameron, decided to champion
same-sexmarriage in 2011, many of his backbenchers were horrified. The pledge
was not in hismanifesto; the softer aspects of his election campaign were more
focused on green issuesand helping wayward youths than on gay rights. When, in
2014, the act passed into law, 133Conservatives voted against it and many
disgruntled activists left the party. But, as he seeksre-election, Mr Cameron's
gamble may gradually be paying off.
    2011年，保守党人戴维·卡梅伦首相决定声援同性婚姻，震惊后座议员一片。他在竞选宣言中并没有承诺于此，且在竞选活动中宣传的主要是环保问题、叛逆青年的引导等相对温和的问题，而不是同性恋的权利。2014年，维护同性恋结婚权利的法案纳入英国法律，对此，133名保守党成员纷纷投票表示反对，更有激进者，因心怀不满退出保守党。然而，如今在卡梅伦努力追求连任时，其之前的冒险可能会渐现成效。
    Around 6% of the British population are estimated to be gay. But little
definitive statisticalevidence exists on how they vote, says Joe Twyman, of
YouGov, a pollster. Generally, hesays, they tend to be slightly less fond of the
Conservatives than is the population as awhole, and slightly more likely to
support Labour or the bedraggled Liberal Democrats. In aYouGov poll of gay,
lesbian and bisexual people last year, two-thirds of those asked said thatthey
would not vote for an MP who had voted against same-sex marriage (the other
third saidthey would). But it is not their biggest concern: like the broader
population, the economy andhealth care are the most pressing issues, says Mr
Twyman.
    据估计，英国同性恋人口约占6%。但民治调查公司专家乔·特乌曼表示，并没有确切的统计数据显示这一群体的投票方式。他认为，一般情况下，同性恋人群支持保守党的意向略低于英国人整体的意向，而支持工党或衰败的自由民主党的可能性略大。民治公司去年对男女同性恋、双性恋人群进行了调查，调查显示：2/3的参与者表示不会把票投给曾经投票反对同性婚姻的议员(1/3的参与者表示会投给这些议员)。但特乌曼专家表示，这不是这一人群最担心的事情，像人口分布扩大，经济发展以及医疗服务才是最紧迫的问题。
    Yet the passing of the same-sex marriage act seems to have given David
Cameron and somemembers of his party, such as the gay-friendlyLondonmayor Boris
Johnson (pictured), a boost. “It made me less anti-Tory,” admits Tom Chinnery, a
32-year-old from Manchesterwho marriedhis husband six weeks ago. Mr Chinnery was
struck by Mr Cameron “standing up” to moretraditional party members. His
disagreement with the Tories is now restricted to theirpolicies on Europe and
the economy. This may help the Conservatives: a self-selected poll of986 people
from PinkNews, a website, in April found that 26% would consider voting for
theConservatives, up from 21% in 2010.
    话虽如此，同性婚姻法案纳入法律对卡梅伦以及乐意接受同性恋的伦敦市长鲍里斯·约翰逊(如图)等党内部分成员来说似乎是一大鼓励。32岁的汤姆·钦纳里是曼彻斯特人，6周前和丈夫结婚。卡梅伦顶住多数保守党人压力的表现触动了钦纳里，他承认道：“因为这个，我对保守党的反对没那么强烈了。”粉红社网在四月份对986名同性恋人士进行了选项调查，结果发现，26%的人会考虑把票投给保守党，与2010年的21%相比有所增加。这对保守党来说也许有益。
    The change in the law also made those who had previously voted for the
party feel moreconfident to continue doing so, argues Margot James, the
Conservative MP for Stourbridge,who is gay. The passing of the act, along with
more funds for tackling homophobic bullying inschools, “redressed the balance
with Labour”, she says. Differences between the two partiesover questions of gay
rights and equality have become less marked as a result.
    保守党驻斯陶尔布里奇选区议员玛格特·詹姆斯是同性恋，她认为：法律上的变动让之前投票支持保守党的人坚定了继续支持该党的信心，法案入法，不仅增加了学校处理同性恋遭欺辱事件的资金支持，而且重新调整了与工党之间的平衡关系。同时，两党质疑同性恋权利与平等的程度差异也因此有所减少。
    But perhaps the biggest boost for the party is yet to come. After the
same-sex marriage vote,Philip Cowley, a psephologist at the University of
Nottingham, worked out that 58% ofConservative MPs born after 1970 voted for it,
in contrast to 45% of those born before thatyear. Younger people are more likely
to be socially liberal and to support same-sex marriage.Undecided future voters
are less likely to see the Conservatives as the nasty party on gayissues. And
gay people who might once have been furtive in voting for them can now bebolder
about their choice. After all, for some, coming out as a Conservative may once
have beenas hard as coming out as gay.
    诺丁汉大学选举学家菲利普·克劳利在分析同性恋婚姻的投票结果之后发现，58%的70后保守党议员投票支持，而与之相比，45%的70前议员投票支持。相对年轻的人群更易接受开放的社会，支持同性婚姻。未来选民还未确定，但极有可能不愿看到保守党在同性恋问题上让其不快。以前，同性恋人群投票支持保守党还要遮遮掩掩，但是现在，他们可以大胆地作出选择。毕竟，对于有些人来说，代表保守党崭露头角曾经也是如同性恋出柜一般艰难。
    1.focus on 关注
    例句:Another is the focus on long-term fiscalsustainability.
    另一个是关注长期财政可持续性。
    2.likely to 可能
    例句:Other banks are likely to face similar pressure.
    其他银行很可能面临着类似的压力。
    3.health care 卫生保健
    例句:We need to find innovative ways of managing health care.
    我们需要在管理医疗保健方面找到创新型途径。
    4.seem to 似乎
    例句:Investors seem to have noticed.
    投资者似乎也注意到了。