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考研英语阅读理解是重头戏，分值大，比重高，考生在复习总也要多做练习，提高阅读速度和做题技巧。下面新东方在线小编份上2015考研英语阅读理解强化练习及解析希望考生先做练习后看解析，多思考总结，提高自己的阅读水平。》》点击查看：2015年考研英语复习指导专题
2015考研英语阅读理解强化练习及解析（27）
A history of longand effortless success can be a dreadful handicap, but, if
properly handled, itmay become a driving force. When the United States entered
just such a glowingperiod after the end of the Second World War, it had a market
eight timeslarger than any competitor, giving its industries unparalleled
economies ofscale. Its scientists were the world's best, its workers the most
skilled.America and Americans were prosperous beyond the dreams of the Europeans
andAsians whose economies the war had destroyed.
It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as othercountries
grew richer. Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance provedpainful. By
the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over theirfading
industrial competitiveness. Some huge American industries, such asconsumer
electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreigncompetition. By 1987
there was only one American television maker left, Zenith.(Now there is none:
Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July。)Foreign-made cars and
textiles were sweeping into the domestic market America'smachine-tool industry
was on the ropes. For a while it looked as though themaking of semiconductors,
which America had which sat at the heart of the newcomputer age, was going to be
the next casualty。
All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped
takingprosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing
businesswas failing, and that their incomes would therefore shortly begin to
fall aswell. The mid-1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes
ofAmerica's industrial decline. Their sometimes sensational findings were
filledwith warnings about the growing competition from overseas。
How things have changed! In 1995 the United States can look back onfive
years of solid growth while Japan has been struggling. Few Americansattribute
this solely to such obvious causes as a devalued dollar or theturning of the
business cycle. Self-doubt has yielded to blind pride. “ Americanindustry has
changed its structure, has gone on a diet, has learnt to be morequick-witted,”
according to Richard Cavanagh, executive dean of Harvard's KennedySchool of
Government,“It makes me proud to be an American just to see how our
businessesare improving their productivity,” says Stephen Moore of the Cato
Institute, a think-tank inWashington, DC. And William Sahlman of the Harvard
Business School believesthat people will look back on this period as “a golden
age ofbusiness management in the United States。”
11. The U.S. achieved its predominance after World War Ⅱbecause_____。
[A]it had made painstaking efforts towards this goal
[B]its domestic market was eight times larger than before
[C]the war had destroyed the economies of most potentialcompetitors
[D]the unparalleled size of its workforce had given an impetus toits
economy
12. The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980sis
manifested in the fact that the American_____。
[A]TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market
[B]semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreignenterprises
[C]machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions
[D]auto industry had lost part of its domestic market
13. What can be inferred from the passage?
[A]It is human nature to shift between self-doubt and blind pride。
[B]Intense competition may contribute to economic progress。
[C]The revival of the economy depends on international cooperation。
[D]A long history of success may pave the way for furtherdevelopment。
14. The author seems to believe the revival of the U.S. economy inthe 1990s
can be attributed to the____。
[A]turning of the business cycle
[B]restructuring of industry
[C]improved business management
[D]success in education
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发表于 2017-8-6 15:53:28