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考研英语阅读理解是重头戏，分值大，比重高，考生在复习总也要多做练习，提高阅读速度和做题技巧。下面新东方在线小编份上2015考研英语阅读理解强化练习及解析希望考生先做练习后看解析，多思考总结，提高自己的阅读水平。》》点击查看：2015年考研英语复习指导专题
2015考研英语阅读理解强化练习及解析（14）
The Supreme Court'sdecisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important
implications for howmedicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and
suffering。
Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right
tophysician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical
principleof "double effect", a centuries-old moral principle holding that
anaction having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that
is foreseen—is permissibleif the actor intends only the good effect。
Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify usinghigh doses
of morphine to control terminally ill patients' pain, even thoughincreasing
dosages will eventually kill the patient。
Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends thatthe
principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very stronglyinsisted
that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to controltheir pain if
that might hasten death."
George Annas, chair of the health law department at BostonUniversity,
maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for alegitimate medical
purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if thepatient uses the drug to
hasten death. "It's like surgery, "he says."We don't call those deaths homicides
because the doctors didn't intend tokill their patients, although they risked
their death. If you're a physician,you can risk your patient's suicide as long
as you don't intend theirsuicide."
On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge thatthe
assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patientsfor
whom modem medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying。
Just three weeks before the Court's ruling on physician-assistedsuicide,
the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report,Approaching
Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies theundertreatment of
pain and the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medicalprocedures that
may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as thetwin problems of
end-of-life care。
The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train
inhospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to
developa Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new
standardsfor assessing and treating pain at the end of life。
Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that thesewell-meaning
medical initiatives translate into better care. “Largenumbers of physicians seem
unconcerned with the pain their patients areneedlessly and predictably
suffering, ”to the extent thatit constitutes “systematic patient abuse。” He says
medicallicensing boards “must make it clear ... that painful deaths are
presumptively onesthat are incompetently managed and should result in license
suspension。”
36. From the first three paragraphs, we learn that
[A]doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their
patients'pain。
[B]it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end theirlives。
[C]the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide。
[D]patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide。
37. Which of the following statements its true according to thetext?
[A]Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients' death。
[B]Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in
painlessrecovery。
[C]The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication canbe
prescribed。
[D]A doctor's medication is no longer justified by his intentions。
38. According to the NAS's report, one of the problems inend-of-life care
is
[A]prolonged medical procedures。
[B]inadequate treatment of pain。
[C]systematic drug abuse。
[D]insufficient hospital care。
39. Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive"(line 3,
paragraph 7)?
[A]Bold.
[B]Harmful.
[C]Careless.
[D]Desperate。
40. George Annas would probably agree that doctors should bepunished if
they
[A]manage their patients incompetently。
[B]give patients more medicine than needed。
[C]reduce drug dosages for their patients。
[D]prolong the needless suffering of the patients。
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发表于 2017-8-6 15:53:25