考研英语阅读篇章: 走路方式影响被袭几率

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      考研英语阅读篇章：《老友记》与现实生活的十个误区
    The way people move can influence the likelihood of an attack by a
stranger. The good news, though, is that altering it can reduce the chances of
being targeted.
    人们走路的方式可能会影响被陌生人袭击的几率。但好消息是通过改变走路方式，能够降低被抢几率。
    "The power has gone to his head" is an oft-heard accusation. So are leaders
losing touch with reality when they act in a power-hungry way?
    How you move gives a lot away. Maybe too much, if the wrong person is
watching. We think, for instance, that the way people walk can influence the
likelihood of an attack by a stranger. But we also think that their walking
style can be altered to reduce the chances of being targeted.
    A small number of criminals commit most of the crimes, and the crimes they
commit are spread unevenly(不均衡地) over the population: some unfortunate
individuals seem to be picked out repeatedly by those intent on violent assault.
Back in the 1980s, two psychologists from New York, Betty Grayson and Morris
Stein, set out to find out what criminals look for in potential victims. They
filmed short clips of members of the public walking along New York's streets,
and then took those clips to a large East Coast prison. They showed the tapes to
53 violent inmates with convictions for crimes on strangers, ranging from
assault to murder, and asked them how easy each person would be to attack.
    The prisoners made very different judgements about these notional victims.
Some were consistently rated as easier to attack, as an "easy rip-off". There
were some expected differences, in that women were rated as easier to attack
than men, on average, and older people as easier targets than the young. But
even among those you’d expect to be least easy to assault, the subgroup of young
men, there were some individuals who over half the prisoners rated at the top
end of the "ease of assault" scale (a 1, 2 or 3, on the 10 point scale).
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