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    Increasingly,thedevelopmentoftourismisseentohaveaneffectontheenvironment.Erosionisoneproblem.ThestepsandstonesofmajorpopularsiteslikeShakespeare’sbirthplaceorStonehengeareliterallybeingwornawaybymillionsofforeignfeet.TheremedyinthecaseofBritain’sbestknownprehistoricmonumenthasbeentouserailingstokeepvisitorsatadistance.SuchmeasurescanhardlybeadoptedinthehouseoftheBard,however,wheretouristswanttoentertheactualbuilding.
    Overcrowdingincities,townsandvillagesisanotherproblem.Trafficjamsareanoutcome.Innarrowroads,touristvehiclescausecongestion.Localtradersandresidentscannotgetarounddoingtheirwork.Carparksfillup,sostrangersparktheircarswheretheycaninstreets,acrossgateways,inlaybys,oreveninprivatedriveways.Thiscausesobstruction.Thesheerweightsofincomerscanbeahazard.ThusVenice,acitybuiltforhalfamillioninhabitants,isswollenbyanotherhalfmillionwhopopulatethecitydailyinthetouristseasoneightmillionvisitseachyear.Themayorrecentlydecidedtolimitvisitorsto90000aday:theonlywaytosavethecityfrominundation.
    Pollutionisafurtherconsequence.TheLakesarepopularforpeoplewhoenjoywatersports,suchaswaterskiing,powerboatracingandswimming,butboatspumpsewagedirectlyintothewater.Facilitiescanbeprovidedtopreventthishappening,butthisiscostly.Therearealsoproblemswithlitter.
    Thethreattowildlifehabitatsisyetanotherresult.TouristsaroundtheLakesdestroyvegetation.Thisisharmfultoanimalswhichbuildtheirnestsalongtheshores.Wildliferefugeshavebeencreatedwhichhavehelpedprotectthesenaturalsites.OntheGreekislandofZakinthos,thebreedingbeachesoftherareloggerheadturtlearebeingthreatenedbytouristdisturbance.Localconservationiststrytomonitorandprotecttheturtlesbuttheyhavebeenattackedbytheangryownersoftavernsandhotelswhomakelucrativeprofitsfrombarsorrentingsnubbedandumbrellas.Governmentcompensationpaymentsforthelossofbusinessmightbetheanswer,butthiswouldbecostly.
    Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestsummarizesthemainideaofthepassage?
    A．Thedevelopmentoftourismhasbroughtaboutenvironmentalproblems.
    B．Tourismshouldnotdevelopatthecostoftheenvironmentaldestruction.
    C．Measurestakentoprotecttheenvironmentprovetobeineffective.
    D．Tourismisdevelopingforthesolepurposeofmakingmoney.
    Asaresultofoverdevelopmentoftourism,Venice_____.
    A．isovercrowdedwithcars
    B．isoverloaded
    C．iswornaway
    D．isbadlypolluted
    Paragraph3pointsoutthattheLakes_____．
    A．havetoomanyboatsonthem
    B．areovercrowdedonthebeaches
    C．arepollutedbywastes
    D．arenolongerattractive
    OntheislandofZakinthos,measurestoprotecttheturtlesmeetresistancechieflyfor_____．
    A．politicalreasons
    B．economicreasons
    C．environmentalreasons
    D．developmentalreasons