2015考研英语翻译冲刺点拨：反译法

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考研英语翻译要掌握多重方法和技巧，针对不同结构和类型采取不同的应对策略。新东方在线总结各类翻译方法和技巧，希望考生在余下11天冲刺复习能够多加应用实践，提升翻译能力。
    2015考研英语翻译冲刺点拨：反译法
   
    　　反译法
        一个问题有时可以从不同的角度来解释说明。有些句子英语是从正面说的，汉语可以从反面来解释。
    1)否定译成肯定。
    Eg:
    I never passed the theatre but I thought of his last
performance.每一次经过那家剧院，我都会想起他的最后一次演出。
    Eg:
    Hardly a month goes by without word of another survey revealing new depths
of scientific illiteracy among U.S. citizens.美国公民科盲日益严重，这种调查报告几乎月月都有。(双重否定)
    2)肯定译成否定。
    Eg:
    Everyone has the right to be free from hunger.人人有不挨饿的权利。
    Eg:
    This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to
continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible
to combine few farmers with high
yields.这种困境将是确定无疑的，[来源：考研加油绽]因为能源的匮乏使农业无法以高能量消耗、投入少数农民就可能获得高产的美国耕种方式继续下去了。
    Eg:
    The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention
from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent
users.把标准化测试作为抨击目标是错误的，因为在抨击这类测试时，批评者不考虑其弊病来自人们对测试不甚了解或使用不当。
    几种特殊否定句式的翻译法
    “no more…than翻译成汉语“和……一样不”
    Eg:
    The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both
controlled by the brain.脏和胃一样不能思维，都受大脑支配。
    Eg:
    There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more
than they can limit how much water you
drink.他们没有理由限定你吃多少维生素，就如同他们不能限定你喝多少水一样。
    “not so much …as”翻译成“与其说……，不如说……”
    Eg:
    It was not so much the many blows he received as the lack of fighting
spirit that led to his losing the game.与其说他输了比赛是多次被击中，不如说是自己缺乏斗志。
    Eg:
    There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar
to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the
various branches of historical
inquiry.所谓方法论是指一般的历史研究中的特有概念，还是指历史研究中各个具体领域使用的研究手段，人们对此意见不一。
    Eg:
    He is the last person I want to see in the world.他是这个世界上我最不愿意见到的人。