2015年MBA备考冲刺英语：英语语法概述(二)

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第二节 语 态
    被动语态常用于下列几种情况:
    一、动作的执行者无需指出或不明确时
    Printing was introduced into Europe from China.
    Rome was not built in a day.
    二、为了强调动作的承受者
    Four people were killed and thirty-one injured in the bomb attack.
    Susan was singled out for praise yesterday.
    三、为了修辞的需要
    He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a
knock at the door.
    Yesterdayu he visited our university and was welcomed by the President.
    [提示]
    1. 除及物动词外, 一些相当于及物动词的短语动词也可作用被动态形式, 除个别情况外, 短语动词一般不拆开使用。
    This matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.(短语)
    2. 不及物动词(或相当于一个不及物动词的短语动词)和表示状态的动词(或短语动词)无被动态形式, 如happen, rise, occur, take
place, break out等; 以及lack, fit, suit, equal, become, resemble, befall, consist
of,look like等。
    The story took place in 1949.
    3. 将主动态形式改为被动态形式时如遇到动词后跟双宾语的情况, 我们只能将其中之一变成主语, 另一个保持不变。当直接宾语变成主语时,
保持在原位的间接宾语前需加介词to。
    　
                    

kytwo

　I gave my hasband a tie as a birthday pressent.
    →My hasband was given a tie as a birthday present.
    →A tie was given to my husband as a birthday present.
    Exercises 2 Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences:
    1. The professor was knowledgeable and eloquent and ___B_______ with
enthusiasm.
    A. was always listened B. was always listened to
    C. always was listened D. always listened to
    2. He returned a week later and found his house ____D______ .
    A. has broken into B. was broken into
    C. to be broken into D. has been broken into
    3. The United Kingdom _____C_____ Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
    A. consisted of B. is consisted of
    C. consists of D. consist ：
    4. These oranges ______B____ nice. (smell feel taste主动形式可表被动)
    A. are tasted B. taste
    C. is tasted D. tastes
    5. In 1950, she was the largest ship that ______D____ .
    A. was ever built B. has ever built
    C. has ever been built D. had ever been built
    6. The house suddenly collapsed while it ____C______ down.
    A. was pulled B. pulled
    C. was being pulled D. had been pulled
    7. "How do you like your new position?" "I ____B______ ."
    A. don’t satisfy B. am not satisfied(状态)
    C. can’t satisfy D. haven’t satisfied
    8. The sixth generation computers, with artificial intelligence,
    ________D__ and perfected now.
    A. developed B. will have been developed
    C. have developed D. are being developed
    9. There are more than fifty proposals ___B_______ at the conference.
    A. discussed B. to be discussed
    C. discussing D. having discussed
    10. Though Newton was a great scientist, many of his ideas
    ________D__ today and are being modified by the work of today’s
scientists.
    A. are to challenge B. are challenging
    C. may be challenged D. have been challenged