新东方考研语法讲堂149

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2、动名词和不定式作主语和表语时的区别动名词和不定式都可以作主语和表语。一般来说，在表示抽象的、一般的行为时，多用动名词;在表示具体某次动作，特别是将来的动作时，多用不定式。但在It’s no use(good)，it’s Useless后面常用动名词作主语。
    例如
    Her present job is teaching music. = Teaching music is her… (泛指)
    To teach music to Grade One is her present job. =Her present job is to teach … (特指)
    It’s difficult for him to finish the了ob in a week.
    Tom’s being late again made me angry. 汤姆又来晚了使我很生气。
    It’s no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收
   
    3、动名词和不定式作定语时的区别。
    作定语时:现在分词和它修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系(现在分词可以改为定语从句)，可以置于于被修饰词之前或之后，动名词做定语通常表示它所修饰的名词的用途(可以改为for短语)，而者不存在逻辑上的主谓关系，它一般只能置于被修饰词之前。
    请看几个词组:
    现在分词作定语: a sleeping dog=a dog that is sleeping
     a flying bird=a bird that is flying
     a crying baby=a baby that is crying
     boiling water=water that is boiling
    动名词作定语: a sleeping bag=a bag for sleeping
     a swimming pool=a pool for swimming
     a flying suit=a suit for flying
     drinking water=water for drinking