新东方考研语法讲堂80

考研网

现将虚拟语气在条件句中的各种具体形式和用法分述如下：
    1、对现在的虚拟，表示与现在事实相反的假设时，条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式（be的过去式用were.而主句中的谓语动词用would (should, could, might) + 动词原形。见下表：
    条件状语从句的动词形式主句的动词形式
    If+主语+动词过去式(be的过去式were.在口语等非正式场合中，I，he，she，it等后面也可用was.但在If I were you中，一定要用were，不能用was.I (we)should+动词原形
    主语+would (might,could)十动词原形
    1、例句：
    If I were you, I should study English.
    (fact: I am not you, so I shall not study English.)
    If he had time, he would attend the meeting.
    (fact: He does not have time, so he will not attend the meeting.)
    If they didn’t take physical exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy.
    (fact: They take physical exercises every day, so they are very healthy.)
    If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning.
    (fact: You often go to bed late, so you are always sleepy in the morning.)
    If this were the case, it would be very awkward.
    (fact: This is not the case, so it is not awkward.)
   
    Now let’s do some translation:
    要是没有虚拟语气，英语就会容易多了。
    If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier.
    如果我是你，我就在房屋周围种些树。
    If I were you, I would (should) plant some trees around the house.
    如果我把头发染成蓝色，人人都会笑话我。
    If I dyed my hair blue, everybody would laugh at me. Or: I would (should) be laughed at by everybody.
    要不是她这么忙，她就会出席今天下午的会议了。
    If she were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon.