2012考研必备：考研英语语法精要(13)

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3.分词的独立主格结构
    分词的逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则分词短语要有自己的逻辑主语，称为分词独立主格结构。分词独立主格结构只是句子的一个部分，但在翻译时经常译成独立的句子，考生要注意英汉两种语言在结构上的区别。如：
    All flights having been canceled because of the snowstorm, we decided to take the train.
    Darkness setting in, the young couple lingered on merrymaking.
   
    4.分词做表语和补语，尤应注意由使役动词变来的分词的形式
    (1)现在分词表示主语或宾语的特征，多以事物做(逻辑)主语。如：
    His victory in the final was no more convincing than I had expected.
    (2)过去分词表示主语或宾语所处的状态或对某事的心理反应和感受，多以人做(逻辑)主语。如：
    These students are quick at learning. We’ll have them trained in new methods.
    People cannot but feel puzzled. For they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.