Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 1 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through interactions with others.
首先,这道题目的选择可以考虑上下文,例如在文章第一段第一句“Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency”(许多研究青少年犯罪(年轻人所犯的罪行)的理论),“Many theories focus either on the individual or on society... ”(许多研究青少年犯罪(年轻人所犯的罪行)的理论要么强调个人,要么强调社会)以及“Theories focusing on the role of society...”(在第一段的第三句)中都出现了“集中于...”;因此,将四个选项带入到原文中,C选项“centering on 集中于”,强调个人作为导致犯罪的主要原因的理论。
参考译文:
Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories centering on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior because they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through interactions with others.