2012年考研英语真题阅读理解解析

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　　中公考研英语研究院---魏海妹
　　1. The phrase “reneging on” (Para. 1) is closest in meaning to
　　[A] condemning. [B] reaffirming.
　　[C] dishonoring. [D] securing.
　　解：根据关键词定位第一段“The company provoked justified outrage in Vermont last week when it announced it was reneging on a longstanding commitment to abide by the state’s strict nuclear regulations.”可知“reneging on”为一个贬义色彩的词，故可排除B项“重申”和D项“保卫”。与原文中commitment搭配的只有C项“拒付，丢脸，不光彩”，A项“谴责”不能与commitment搭配。
　　2. By entering into the 2002 agreement, Entergy intended to
　　[A] obtain protection from Vermont regulators. [B] seek favor from the federal legislature.
　　[C] acquire an extension of its business license. [D] get permission to purchase a power plant.
　　解：根据关键词2002定位第三段，前两句句意“2002年Entergy公司购买了佛州唯一的核电厂，作为获得佛州批准收购的条件，该公司同意2012年后的运营许可证须向州立监管机构申请”，据此可知D项“批准购买核电厂”为正确答案。其中A项“获得佛蒙特州监管机构的保护”和B项“寻求联邦立法机构的支持”原文未提，C项“获得经营执照的延期”是在2006年的内容，不在题干范围之内。
　　3. According to paragraph 4, Entergy seems to have problems with its
　　[A] managerial practices. [B] technical innovativeness.
　　[C] financial goals. [D] business vision.
　　解：根据题干定位第四段，根据关键词“problems”定位“...raised serious questions about both Vermont Yankee’s safety and Entergy’s management”，可知A项“managerial practice”与原文“management”相对应。其中，B项“技术创新”C项“财政目标”D项“商业远见”在该段都未提。
　　4. In the author’s view, the Vermont case will test
　　[A] Entergy’s capacity to fulfill all its promises. [B] the nature of states’ patchwork regulations.
　　[C] the federal authority over nuclear issues. [D] the limits of states’ power over nuclear issues.
　　解：根据出题顺序定位第五段，根据关键词“Vermont case”定位关键句“Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend.”然后我们需要明确此句中“those powers”指的是什么，故看前一句“The legal issues in the case are obscure: whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power”可知，those powers 指的是“states have regulatory authority over nuclear power”，故为D项“the limits of states’ power over nuclear issues”再加上关键句中的“how far”恰为D项“the limits”的意思，故答案为D。其中A项“Entergy公司信守承诺的能力”和B项“各州补丁法规的性质”均不在关键句范围之内，而在关键句的后两句，故可排除。关键句中明确指出“states’ regulatory authority”并不是“federal authority”故排除C项。
　　5. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that
　　[A] Entergy’s business elsewhere might be affected. [B] the authority of the NRC will be defined.
　　[C] Entergy will withdraw its Plymouth application. [D] Vermont’s reputation might be damaged.
　　解：根据关键词定位最后一段。根据第一句“the company seems to have concluded that its reputation in Vermont is already so damaged”可排除D项。因为第一句指的是“Entergy’s reputation in Vermont”而不是“Vermont’s reputation”偷换主语。根据C项关键词“Plymouth”定位原文“Entergy runs 11 other reactors in the United Stated, including Pilgrim Nuclear station in Plymouth. Pledging to run Pilgrim safely, the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another 20 years”可知，C项“撤回普利茅斯的申请”为子虚乌有，根本未提，故排除C项。根据B项关键词“NRC”定位“But as the NRC reviews the company’s application, it should keep in mind what promises from Entergy are worth”, B项“NRC的权利将会被蔑视”为子虚乌有，故排除B项。根据最后一段段意“Entergy runs 11 other reactors.... it should keep in mind what promises from Entergy are worth”可知A项“Entergy公司其他地方的业务会受到影响”正确，或根据以上排除法可知A正确。
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