中公名师解读考研英语阅读标点符号之其他

考研网

考研阅读标点符号之其他
　　——中公名师 李晓倩
　　之前几次课呢，我们主要分享了阅读中常考的、容易出正确答案的标点符号。这次课呢，我们来探索一下阅读标点符号中的其他成员。
　　首先是括号。括号在我们阅读中的作用，主要由三个。一，解释一下比较难的生词;二，正确答案的出处;三，帮助排除错误选项。下面分别给大家举一些咱们真题中出现过的例子：
　　Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass(the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean.(2006text3)
　　这个句子中的括号是对单词biomass的解释，以免有的学生以为biomass会影响答案选择。
　　The test comes primarily in two forms: the Standford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (both come in adult and children's version).
　　27. What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph 3?
　　A. People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.
　　B. More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.
　　C. The test contents and formats for adults and children may be different.
　　D. Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.
　　这个题的答案是C选项，而C选项就是来自于文章中括号里的内容，对括号内容做同意替换。
　　另外一个，就是多个分号。咱们前面说过，如果有词汇或者句子是在分号前面，答案就在分号后面。我们这里讲的是多个分号并列，如果有生词来自于其中一个分号里面，那么，我们只能从本句话入手解题，而不能根据该单词前后的分号解题了，因为多个分号并列的句子，每句话之间意思上没有关联。
　　比如，2007年text1，What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases scoccer stamina; c). soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania....
　　22. The word“mania”(Line 4,Paragraph 2) most probably means
　　A fun B craze C hysteria D excitement
　　"mania"所在的c句是我们解题的关键，我们也只能根据c句来解题，因为其他句子跟这句话的意思不搭边啊。我们可以根据soccer-mad，soccer mania的并列结构来解题，答案就是B喽。
　　最后一个我们要分享的就是双引号。一说到双引号，相信大家首先想到的就是引用人物观点了，但是其实并不全是如此。比如2008年text4
　　For one thing, the South could not afford to part with its slaves.Owing slaves was "like having a large bank account," says Wiencek, author of An Imperfect God: George Washington, His Slaves, and the Creation of America. The southern states would not have signed the Constitution without protections for the "peculiar institution", including...
　　38. Which of the following is true according to the text?
　　A. Some Founding Fathers benefit politically from slavery.
　　B Slaves in the old days did not have the right to vote.
　　C Slave owners usually had large savings accounts.
　　D Slavery was regarded as a peculiar institution.
　　这道题的B、D选项分别来自于第2句话和最后一句话的双引号里面。B选项明显出错，没有问题。但是D选项，很多同学觉得非常难排除，其实，如果你知道，选项中的peculiar institution和文章中的差异就是一个简单的双引号之后，那么，问题就很好解决了，直接排除就好了。原因就是，带双引号的单词在文章中就是有引申含义的词汇了，而没有双引号的就是考察词的字面意义，两者之间是有差异的。
　　好了，同学们，关于标点符号呢，我们就分享到这里，希望这几次的分享，能帮助到各位。
　　好了，同学们，我们今天的分享基本上就到此结束了。我们回顾一下上节课的内容，上节课我们讲的主要是破折号的用法。结合本节课的内容，那么，考研阅读中对标点符号的考察主要就是这些了。大家务必记得：如果题目问你符号前面单词或者句子是什么意思，那么答案就来自于符号后面，反之亦然。