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发表于 2016-8-15 22:48:50
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显示全部楼层
核心词汇:
athlete n.运动员,体育家,身强力壮的人
belly n.肚子,腹部;(像肚子一样)鼓起的部分a./n.beloved受爱戴的,敬爱的;爱人,被心爱的人
bellyful(满肚子)
contemplative a.沉思的, 冥想的
distaste n.讨厌, 嫌恶,厌恶
elitism n.精英统治论,优越感
entertain v.招待,款待;使娱乐;使欢乐;容纳,接受(enter在中间+tain→把快乐保留在中间→娱乐)
entrepreneur n.[法]企业家, 主办人
evolve v.(使)发展;(使)进化;(使)进展(e出+volv+e→转出来→发展,进化)
exemplify v.举例证明;示范;作......的范例/榜样(ex+empl+ify动词后缀→例证)
exploit v.开拓;开发;剥削n.功绩[勋];业绩(ex出+ploit→探索出→开拓)
grip v./n.紧握,抓紧;掌握
hostile a.敌对的,敌方的,敌意的
hostility n.敌意,敌对(host=guest+il+ity)
identical a.(to.with)同一的,同样的(ident+ical形容词后缀)
intellect n.智力;抽象或深刻思维的能力; 知识分子(intel在......中间+lect选择,收集→在中间选出的人→智者)
manipulate vt.(熟练地)使用,操作;(巧妙地)处理(mani+pul一捆+ate动词后缀→同时用手做一堆事情→巧妙处理)
militant a.好战的,富于战斗性的n.斗士(milit兵+ant形容词后缀→好战的);militantly(好战的) 即milit=fight战斗+ly
native a.本地的,本国的;天生的n.本地人,本国人(nat+ive形容词后缀→本地的)
opposite a.对面的,相对的,相反的n.对立面(op对+pos+ite形容词后缀→放到对面→相对的)
pervasive a.弥漫性的,渗透性的(per全部+va(d)走+sive形容词后缀→全部走遍的→普及的,渗透的)
ponder v.沉思,考虑(pond重+er→分出轻重→沉思)
privilege n.特权,优惠,特许v.给予优惠,给予特权(from); 解放,免除(privi单个+lege法律→有个人法律→特权)
proclaim v.宣告,声明(pro在前+claim→在前面喊→公布)
pursuit n.追赶,追求;职业,工作(pursu(e)追求+it→追求)
reluctant a.不愿的,勉强的
resent n.(意见等的)一致,一致同意,共识(re反+sent→反感→怨恨)
restraint n.抑制,制止(restrain+t)
rigorous a.严格的,严厉的,严酷的,严密的,严谨的(rig硬+orous形容词后缀)
symptom n.(疾病的)症状;(不好事情的)征兆,表征(sym+ptom)
vulnerable a.易受攻击的
难句分析:
难句1
Razitch's latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of anti-intellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits.
[分析]此句主干是"Razitch's latest book...traces the roots..."此句中 Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms是书的同位语,concluding引导的是状语。
[译文]莱维西最新著作《回顾:一个世纪来学校改革的失败》一书中,追溯学校里反智主义思想的根源,书中的结论是:它们根本不能平衡美国人对追求知识的反感。
难句2
Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy.
[分析]第一句话的谓语动词是have,动名词短语充当了句子的主语。第二句话中的三个平行的动词不定式to think, to defend, to understand 作ability 的后置定语。
[译文]鼓励孩子们抛弃精神生活使得他们极易被利用和控制。如果不能批判地思考,不能维护自己的观点,不能理解他人的思想,他们就不能充分地参与我们的民主。
难句3
Hofstadter says "our country's educational system is in the grips of people who joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise."
[分析]此句主干是"Hofstadter says...",后面是says的宾语从句 our country's educational system is in the grips of people ...其中people后面的who引导一个定语从句who "joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children..."而children后面又有一个 who引导的定语从句。
[译文]霍夫斯塔特说我们国家的教育体系掌握在这样一些人手中,他们"毫不掩饰自己对知识的憎恶,对学习成绩差的学生表现出极大的认同,并且对自己的立场颇为得意"。
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