2009考研英语三层递进攻克阅读理解(10)

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Stratford on Avon, as we all know, has only one industry-William Shakespeare-but there are two distinctly separate and increasingly hostile branches. There is the Royal Shakespeare Company（RSC）, which presents superb productions of the plays at the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre on the Avon. And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway's Cottage, Shakespeare's birthplace and the other sights.
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The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue. They frankly dislike the RSC's actors, them with their long hair and beards and sandals and noisiness. It's all deliciously ironic when you consider that Shakespeare, who earns their living, was himself an actor （with a beard）and did his share of noise making.
The tourist streams are not entirely separate. The sightseers who come by bus-and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side-don't usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford. However, the playgoers do manage a little sight seeing along with their playgoing. It is the playgoers, the ESC contends, who bring in much of the town's revenue because they spend the night（some of them four or five nights）pouring cash into the hotels and restaurants. The sightseers can take in everything and get out of town by nightfall.
The townsfolk don't see it this way and local council does not contribute directly to the subsidy of the Royal Shakespeare Company. Stratford cries poor traditionally. Nevertheless every hotel in town seems to be adding a new wing or cocktail lounge. Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth, and will be very expensive.
Anyway, the townsfolk can't understand why the Royal Shakespeare Company needs a subsidy. （The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they'll do better.）The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed and ticket prices have stayed low.
It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford's most attractive clientele. They come entirely for the plays, not the sights. They all seem to look alike（though they come from all over）-lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.
26. From the first two paras, we learn that
［A］ the townsfolk deny the RSC's contribution to the town's revenue.
［B］ the actors of the RSC imitate Shakespeare on and off stage.
［C］ the two branches of the RSC are not on good terms.
［D］ the townsfolk earn little from tourism.
27. It can be inferred from Para 3 that
［A］ the sightseers cannot visit the Castle and the Palace separately.
［B］ the playgoers spend more money than the sightseers.
［C］ the sightseers do more shopping than the playgoers.
［D］ the playgoers go to no other places in town than the theater.
28. By saying "Stratford cries poor traditionally" （Line 2~3, Paragraph 4）, the author implies that
［A］ Stratford cannot afford the expansion projects.
［B］ Stratford has long been in financial difficulties.
［C］ the town is not really short of money.
［D］ the townsfolk used to be poorly paid.
29. According to the townsfolk, the RSC deserves no subsidy because
［A］ ticket prices can be raised to cover the spending.
［B］ the company is financially ill managed.
［C］ the behavior of the actors is not socially acceptable.
［D］ the theatre attendance is on the rise.
30. From the text we can conclude that the author
［A］ is supportive of both sides.
［B］ favors the townsfolk's view.
［C］ takes a detached attitude.
［D］ is sympathetic.

kyfour

核心词汇：
attendance n.出席，参加(at加强动作+tend伸展＋ance名词后缀→伸展出去→出席)
attractive a.吸引人的，引人注意的；漂亮的，迷人的（attract+ive形容词后缀）
contend v.竞争,斗争;坚决主张（con一起+tend→一起你拉我夺→争论）
council n.理事会,委员会,议事机构
decorate v.装饰,装潢,布置
dedicate v.奉献;献身于；题献（de加强+dic说+ate动词后缀→反复说→致力于）
hostile a.敌对的,敌方的,敌意的
jeans n.牛仔裤（又称blue jeans, dungarees等）
lean v.倾斜,屈身;倚,靠,依赖a.瘦的,无脂肪的
lounge n.休息室,起居室,客厅
pointed a.尖的，成尖状的（point+ed形容词后缀→尖的）
revenue n.财政收入,税收（re回+ven+ue→收回来的东西→收入）
rocket n.火箭v. 上升，迅速增加
standing room n.（剧场、体育场等的）站席空位；站立空间
subsidy n.补助金（sub向下+sid坐+y名词后缀→补助金）
superb a.极好的,杰出的；华丽的；（super+b形容词后缀）
worthy a.（of）值得......的,配得上......的;有价值的（worth价值+y形容词后缀）
难句分析：
难句1
And there are the townsfolk who largely live off the tourists who come, not to see the plays, but to look at Anne Hathaway's Cottage, Shakespeare's birthplace and the other sights.
［分析］此句主干是"...there are the townsfolk..."，定语从句who largely live off the tourists修饰先行词townsfolk，其中包含一个定语从句who come，not...，but...，修饰先行词tourists，look at 的宾语是三个并列的名词词组：Anne Hathaway's Cottage，Shakespeare's birthplace与the other sights。
［译文］另一方面是市镇居民们，他们在很大程度上依靠到此观光的旅游者，这些旅游者到镇上来不是为了看戏，而是来参观安妮·哈瑟维的故居、莎士比亚的出生地以及其他景点。
难句2
The sightseers who come by bus-and often take in Warwick Castle and Blenheim Palace on the side-don't usually see the plays, and some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford.
［分析］此句是一个并列句，第一个分句的主语The sightseers who come by bus 和谓语don't usually see the plays 被破折号隔开，而破折号之间的部分对主语做补充说明第二个分句是some of them are even surprised to find a theatre in Stratford。
［译文］那些乘坐大巴而来的游客--常常还顺便参观沃里克城堡和布伦海姆宫殿--通常不看戏，有些人甚至因为在斯特拉福德镇看到剧院还感到吃惊。
难句3
It would be a shame to raise prices too much because it would drive away the young people who are Stratford's most attractive clientele.
［分析］此句是一个主从复合句，主句是"It would be a shame to raise prices too much"，其中it是形式主语，不定式结构to raise prices too much是真正的主语；从句是because it would drive away the young people...，定语从句who are Stratford's most attractive clientele修饰先行词the young people。
［译文］如果票价上升太高，那太令人遗憾了，因为高额的票价会赶走年轻的人，而他们是斯特拉特福德最有吸引力的客户。
难句4
They all seem to look alike（though they come from all over）-lean, pointed, dedicated faces, wearing jeans and sandals, eating their buns and bedding down for the night on the flagstones outside the theatre to buy the 20 seats and 80 standing room tickets held for the sleepers and sold to them when the box office opens at 10:30 a.m.
［分析］此句主干在破折号之前："They all seem to look alike (though they come from all over)"，破折号之后的部分主要以并列的现在分词结构...wearing...，eating...and bedding down...对看戏的人的共同特点进行具体说明，其中最后一个现在分词结构bedding down...最为复杂，因为其中包含许多修饰成分：for the night 和on the flagstones outside the theatre作一般状语，不定式结构to buy the 20 seats and 80 standingroom tickets作目的状语，它本身又带有过去分词结构held for the sleepers and sold to them作定语。
［译文］他们看上去几乎长相相似（尽管他们来自世界各地）--身材消瘦、棱角分明、满脸热忱，穿着牛仔裤，趿拉着拖鞋，吃着面包，晚上露宿在剧院外的石板上，等着购买售票处早上10：30开始销售的为露宿者提供的20个座位和80个站票。

kytwo

文章类型：社会科学--莎士比亚故居的旅游
本文围绕莎士比亚故乡镇子上的居民和小镇的剧场皇家莎士比亚公司展开论述，说明两者之间的矛盾和联系。
试题解析：
26. 根据文章的前两段，我们了解到：
［A］ 镇上人否认皇家剧团给镇上带来收入。
［B］ 皇家剧团的演员们在台上台下都模仿莎士比亚。
［C］ 皇家剧团的两个分部关系不大融洽。
［D］ 镇上人没有从旅游业上赚到什么钱。
推理题【正确答案】［A］
定位在文章第二段的第一句话The worthy residents of Stratford doubt that the theatre adds a penny to their revenue.所以选择［A］项。
27. 根据第三段，可以推知：
［A］ 观光者不能分别参观城堡和宫殿。
［B］ 看戏的人花钱比观光者多。
［C］ 观光者购的物比看戏的人多。
［D］ 除了戏院，看戏的人不去镇上的其他地方。
推理题【正确答案】［B］
从第三段可知，游客买了东西，在夜晚来临前就走人，但是看戏的人们要在这里呆好多天，意思是花的钱比游客多。因此［B］为正确选项。
28．通过说"Stratford cries poor traditionally"（第四段，第2~3行），作者暗示：
［A］ 斯特拉福德镇无力进行扩建项目。
［B］ 斯特拉福德镇很久以来一直处于财政困难的境地。
［C］ 该镇实际上并不缺钱。
［D］ 镇上人过去常常得到的报酬低。
句子理解题【正确答案】［C］
通过上下文逻辑关系可知：斯特拉福德镇并不缺钱，还在大兴土木建设，因此cries poor是装穷的意思，和中文的哭穷很类似。所以选择［C］项。
29．根据镇上人的观点，皇家剧团不应该得到补贴，因为
［A］ 可以提高票价补偿开支。
［B］ 该剧团理财不善。
［C］ 演员们的行为没有得到社会的认可。
［D］ 戏院的上座率在增加。
细节事实题【正确答案】［D］
定位在原文倒数第二自然段：The theatre has broken attendance records for three years in a row. Last year its 1,431 seats were 94 percent occupied all year long and this year they'll do better. 所以选择［D］项。
30. 根据本文，我们可以得出结论：作者
［A］ 支持双方的立场。
［B］ 支持镇上人的观点。
［C］ 持不偏不倚的态度。
［D］ 同情皇家剧团。
态度题【正确答案】［D］
从最后一段段首，和后面的句子看出作者认为不可能上调价格，因为高额的票价会赶走年轻的人，而他们是斯特拉福德最有吸引力的客户，可是镇上的人们又不理解，所以实际上同情他的遭遇。

kyfive

全文精译：
如我们所知，埃文河畔斯特拉福德镇只有一种产业--威廉·莎士比亚,但是，这一产业却出现两个完全不同而且相互间敌意不断增长的分支，一方面是英国皇家莎士比亚剧团，它在埃文河畔的莎士比亚纪念剧院上演富丽堂皇的莎剧。另一方面是市镇居民们，他们在很大程度上依靠到此观光的旅游者，这些旅游者到镇上来不是为了看戏，而是来参观安妮·哈瑟维的故居、莎士比亚的出生地以及其他景点。
第一段：介绍斯特拉福德镇上两个对立的派别--上演莎士比亚戏剧的皇家莎士比亚公司与靠旅游业生活的镇上居民。
斯特拉福德镇上高贵的居民认为剧院没有对他们的收入增加一文钱，他们坦率地承认不喜欢皇家莎士比亚剧团的演员，这些人留着长发、蓄着胡须、穿着拖鞋，而且很吵闹。考虑到使他们得以生存的莎士比亚本人也是演员（也留着胡子），也参与制造噪音，这的确既有趣，也很有讽刺意味。
第二段：镇上居民认为皇家莎士比亚公司没给镇上挣钱并讨厌演员们的穿着打扮与言谈举止。
旅客并非是完全分开的，那些乘坐大巴而来的游客--常常还顺便参观沃里克城堡和布伦海姆宫殿--通常不看戏，有些人甚至因为在斯特拉福德镇看到剧院还感到吃惊。然而，来看戏者除了看戏外还要想方设法安排一些观光活动。皇家莎士比亚剧团声称，正是这些爱看戏者在此过夜（有些人呆四五个晚上），把钱花在了镇上的旅馆饭店，为镇子带来了大部分的收入；而观光客什么都看，夜幕降临就离开。
第三段：来斯特拉福德镇的有两种游客--观光者与看戏者，皇家莎士比亚公司认为正是看戏的人才给镇上带来财富。
镇上居民并不这样认为，地方市政局并没有直接给皇家莎士比亚剧团提供津贴。斯特拉福德一直善于哭穷，然而，镇上的旅馆几乎每家都添加了新的侧楼或鸡尾酒会厅。希尔顿正在这里修建自己的旅馆，你可以肯定，它会有装饰考究的"哈姆雷特"汉堡吧、"李尔王"雅座、"班柯"宴会厅等等，而且价格会非常昂贵。
第四段：镇政府（实质上是镇上居民）不补贴皇家莎士比亚公司，斯特拉福德镇一向哭穷。
总之，镇上人还是不明白为什么皇家莎士比亚剧团需要津贴（该剧院连续三年打破上座纪录，去年，剧院中1431个座位的全年上座率94%，今年会更高）。当然，原因是成本飞涨，而票价仍然保持很低。
第五段：对皇家莎士比亚公司是否应补贴的两种对立观点与理由。
如果票价上升太高，那太令人遗憾了，因为高额的票价会赶走年轻的人，而他们是斯特拉福德最有吸引力的客户。他们到此完全是为了看戏，而不是观光。他们看上去几乎长相相似（尽管他们来自世界各地）--身材消瘦、棱角分明、满脸热忱，穿着牛仔裤，趿拉着拖鞋，吃着面包，晚上露宿在剧院外的石板上，等着购买售票处早上10：30开始销售的为露宿者提供的20个座位和80个站票。
第六段：作者认为票价上涨不好，因为那样会赶跑想买廉价票来看戏的年青人。