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发表于 2016-8-15 22:45:17
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核心词汇:
component n.组成部分,成分,元件a.组成的,合成的(com共同+pon+ent形容词后缀→共同的放到一起→组成的)
conscious a.有意识的;能理解的;自觉的;刻意的(con全部+sci知道+ous形容词后缀→知道的→有意识的);
unconscious a.下意识的,无意识的;失去知觉的(un无+con共同+sic=know知道+ous)
disguise n./v.假装,伪装(dis+guise)
formulate v.用公式表示;规划;设计;系统地阐述(formula+ate动词后缀→成公式)
harness v.治理,利用n.马具,挽具
nightmare n.噩梦;可怕的事物,无法摆脱的恐惧
occur v.发生,出现;存在;想起,想到(oc反复+cur→反复跑→发生)
persistent a.坚持的;顽固的(per始终,完全+sist+ent形容词后缀→坚持的)
random a.随机的,随意的n.随机,随意
recur vi.一再发生;重现;诉诸具有手段办法(cur(r),curs, cours-run, "跑,发生", re再次+cur→再次跑来→一再发生,重现)
regulate v.管制,控制;调节,校准;调整
revolutionary a.革命的,革新的n.革命者(revolution+ary形容词后缀)
significance n.意义,含义;重要性,重要的(sign+ific带有+ance名词后缀→带有信号→[有]意义)
suspend v.暂时剥夺......的权利;中断; 吊,挂vi.停止一段时期;暂缓(sus在......下面+pend悬挂→挂在下面→悬吊,引申为中止)
switch n.开关;转换;鞭子v.转变,转换;抽打
therapy n.治疗,(不需要药物或手术的)物理疗法(therap+y名词后缀);therapist(治疗学家) a psychology therapist 心理治疗专家
visualize vt.形成思维图像;设想;使可见vi.形成思维图像(visual视力+ize动词后缀→使看到→具体化)
难句分析:
难句1
A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears: by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just "mental noise"-the random by products of the neural repair work that goes on during sleep.
[分析]此句分为两部分,其中第一部分的主干是"Freud formulated his revolutionary theory..."宾语theory后面是一个以that引导的同位语从句,说明theory的内容;在第二部分中,代词them指代的是dreams,破折号后面的部分the random by products of the neuralrepair work...进一步解释什么是mental noise,work 后面的that引导一个定语从句,修饰work。
[译文]一个世纪前,弗洛伊德阐述了颇具革命性的理论,即梦是人们潜意识中欲望和恐惧的反映;到了20世纪70年代末期,神经病学家们转而认为梦仅仅是"精神噪音",即睡眠时进行的神经修复活动的一种杂乱的副产品。
难句2
Now researchers suspect that dreams are Part of the mind's emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is "offline".
[分析]此句中Suspect后面是that引导的宾语从句;逗号之后的现在分词短语regulating moods...作定语,解释thermostat 的意思,句末的while引导一个时间状语从句。
[译文]目前,研究人员猜想梦是大脑情感自动调节系统的组成部分,当大脑处于"掉线"状态时对情绪进行规整。
难句3
And one leading authority says that these intensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better.
[分析]此句中say后面是that 引导的一个宾语从句,这个宾语从句比较复杂:主语是these intensely powerfull mental events,谓语是一个not only...but...连接的并列结构,后面的不定式结构to help us sleep and feel better 作目的状语。
[译文]一位著名的权威人士说,梦这种异常强烈的精神活动不仅能被驾驭,事实上还可以有意识地加以控制,让其帮助我们睡的更好,感觉更舒服。
难句4
Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day.
[分析]此句主干是"Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night..."后面的两个现在分词结构progressing toward... 和 suggesting that... 都作伴随状语;第二个现在分词结构suggesting that ...后面接一个that引导的宾语从句,其中过去分词结构generated during the day 作后置定语,修饰前面的feelings。
[译文]多数人似乎在晚上入睡的较早阶段做更多不好的梦,而在快睡醒前会逐渐做开心一些的梦,这说明人们在梦里渐渐克服了白天的不良情绪。
难句5
At the end of the day, there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping of "we wake u in a panic," Cartwright says.
[分析]此句中At the end of the day 是时间状语,接着是主句there's probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all,后面的unless 引导条件状语从句,其中包含两个以or连接的并列分句。
[译文]卡特赖特说,说到底,只要梦不使我们无法睡眠或"从梦中惊醒",就没有理由太在意所做的梦。
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