2012年苏州大学翻译硕士考研真题

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        　　2012年苏州大学翻译硕士考研真题
        　　I. Phrase Translation
        　　食品安全
        　　插花(艺术)
        　　知识产权保护
        　　主权债务危机
        　　草根文化
        　　贸易顺差
        　　“抑郁”的一代
        　　人民币升值
        　　中国红十字会
        　　国家新闻出版总署
        　　打击盗版活动
        　　网络上瘾
        　　滥用职权
        　　裸官
        　　产业升级
        　　Central Ballet Troupe
        　　blue and white porcelain
        　　FIFA
        　　ASEAN
        　　currency manipulator
        　　buggee jumping
        　　surrealism
        　　sample survey
        　　illegal pyramid selling
        　　multi-polar world
        　　myth of China’s peaceful rise
        　　anti-dumping investigation
        　　costume drama
        　　core competiveness
        　　intellectual property infringement
        　　II. Passage translation
        　　Section A English to Chinese
        　　If completely bilingual persons have a clear understanding of a text to be
translated from a source to a receptor (or target) language, they do not need to
instruct their brains about how to use a noun, verb, adjective, or participle to
represent a particular concept or to place a qualifying clause at the beginning
or the end of a sentence. All such decisions are largely automatic because our
brains are excellently organized to carry out all such decisions in a largely
unconscious manner. The process of going from conceptual clarity to a verbal
text is almost automatic and should be regarded as essentially no different from
writing in one’s own mother tongue. Clarity in understanding the source text is
the key to successful translating into a receptor language. Translators do not
translate languages but texts.
        　　When, however, a text written in one’s own mother tongue must be translated
into a foreign language, the focus of attention shifts radically. The translator
of such a text should have no difficulty understanding the text, unless it is
badly written, but almost inevitably the focus of attention shifts to the
linguistic features of the translation, including the proper arrangement of
words, sensitivity to the style, and the relevance of the translation for
receptorsA
        　　Some source-language texts inevitably leave their mark on a translation.
This is particularly true of legal texts in which there is a tradition of
including within a sentence far more than is done in ordinary speech so as to
have all the conditioning factors concisely combined.
        　　Section B Chinese to English
        　　当我们谈论美的时候，会想到许多美的现象：如日出日落的壮丽景象、男女之间生死般的爱情、李白的诗篇、贝多芬的音乐和梵高的绘画等。对于这些现象，我们都用美字来命名，并将它们都归属于美的领域。但当我们进行深入思考的时候，就会发现它们似乎并不具备任何同一性。有些美的现象之间缺少直接的关联，如一个人的美与自然界的动植物的美;有些美的现象之间虽然有一些关联，但它们之间存在巨大的差异，如音乐的美和绘画的美;更有甚者，有的美的现象是对立的，如崇高和优美等。
        　　美的现象领域为什么会如此地丰富多样呢?这是因为美本身就缺少严格明确的规定?还是因为美字本身的乱用和误用?但有一点是肯定的，当我们说不同现象的美时，那个美字本身就具有不同的意义。由此我们可以说，虽然美的现象的复杂性有多种原因，但其中一个重要的原因在于美的字义的复杂性。因此我们有必要对于美作语义分析。