考研英语完形之词义辨析（1）

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　　考研完形中比较重要的一类题目是词义辨析，下面我们来看一些例子，并学会采取相应的方法。
　　一.名词辨析找形容词
　　1. Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step further and developed the first “brain training program” designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental ____. (2014) [A] sharpness [B] stability [C] framework [D] flexibility
　　解析：第一步，看选项，名词辨析。名词辨析找形容词，找到mental。和mental 能搭配的只有A和B。利用词间关系缩小答案范围。A和B的选择需利用上下文。
　　2. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social
　　____like liberty and property. (2012)
　　[A] concepts [B] theories [C] divisions [D] conventions
　　解析：第一步，看选项，名词辨析。名词辨析找形容词。找到双重形容词：fundamental 和social，直接排除divisions 和conventions，这两个词不能和fundamental 搭配。剩下A和B。找到的形容词可以缩小答案范围。(若想进一步作出答案，可利用第二步逻辑关系，空后有重点分说逻辑关系词 like，因此答案为A)
　　3. Instead, the studies ended up with giving their name to the“Hawthorne effect”, the extremely influential idea that the very ____of being experimented upon changed subjects’ behavior. (2009)
　　[A] truth [B] sight [C] act [D] proof
　　解析：第一步，看选项，名词辨析。名词辨析找形容词。这里充当形容词作用的是of 短语。
　　“ being experimented upon”不是sight，是发生的事实，因此直接选择C。若想排除A和D需联系上下文。
　　4. A(n) ____that they were being experimented upon seemed to be enough to alter workers’ behavior. (2009)
　　awareness [B] expectation [C] sentiment [D] illusion
　　解析：第一步，看选项，名词辨析。名词辨析找形容词。这里充当形容词作用的是 that 从句。“they were being experimented ”这件事已经发生，故而排除B和D。C指的是“情感”，和that 从句内容不符。
　　注：名词辨析找动词几乎没有例子。几乎没有题目通过动词可以直接将名词选出来，大部分的名词辨析除了利用形容词，其它都是需要根据上下文语义来推断。名词辨析若可直接利用动词推理，题目太简单，在英二中会出现，所以这个技巧可以省去。
　　二.动词辨析找名词
　　1. Part of the problem is that the justices are not ____by ethics code. (2012)
　　[A] advanced [B] caught [C] bound [D] founded
　　解析：第一步，看选项，动词辨析。动词辨析，找名词。空缺的是justice 和ethics code 之间的关系，只能选C。
　　2. He studied the results of 9, 323 MBA interviews ____by 31 admissions officers. (2013)
　　[A] inspired [B] expressed [C] conducted [D] secured
　　解析：第一步，看选项，动词辨析。动词辨析，找名词。将原句的被动语态还原：31 admissions officers____ the interviews，因此找到名词 admissions 和officers，所以只能选C。
　　(本文作者为中公考研辅导名师——张楠)