考研英语(一)长难句解析系列——1998年Text 2

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　　本文主要论述了美国的生产力革命并没有改善经济，与传闻不符，并具体讨论了企业重组没能使生产力提高的原因。全文中在长难句方面，难度并不是很大。作为1998年考研英语试卷的第二篇阅读，句子难度虽然较前面题型有所提升，但是仍处于中级难度。但是本文中单词多属经济类词汇，相对而言偏难。因此就整篇文章而言，难度不小。下面就其中的典型例句进行分析：
　　【典型例句1】：What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they are presiding over is for real.
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution is for real;其中What is harder to establish是由what引导的主语从句;whether the productivity revolution is for real是由whether引导的表语从句。that businessmen assume they are presiding over是由that引导的定语从句，修饰the productivity revolution。
　　【难点点拨】：establish：确定;preside over：主管，负责;
　　【例句释义】：更加难以确定的是，商人们认为自己所领导的这场生产力革命是否确实存在。
　　【典型例句2】：The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound that occurs at this point in a business cycle, and so is not conclusive evidence of a revival in the underlying trend.
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为The trouble is that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound and so is not conclusive evidence;其中，that part of the recent acceleration is due to the usual rebound and so is not conclusive evidence是由that引导的表语从句。that occurs at this point in a business cycle是由that引导的定语从句，修饰the usual rebound。of a revival in the underlying trend是介词短语作后置定语，修饰conclusive evidence。
　　【难点点拨】：acceleration：加速，快速增长;rebound：回升，反弹;business cycle：商业周期;conclusive：决定性的;underlying：潜在的;
　　【例句释义】：麻烦在于，最近的快速增长部分是由于商业周期特定时期的常见反弹，因此也就不是潜在趋势下经济复苏的确定性证据。
　　【典型例句3】：There is, as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says, a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote that points to a leap in productivity and the picture reflected by the statistics.
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为There is a “disjunction” between the mass of business anecdote and the picture。as Robert Rubin, the treasury secretary, says是由as引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰主干;其中the treasury secretary是同位语，解释Robert Rubin的身份;that points to a leap in productivity是由that引导的定语从句，修饰the mass of business anecdote。the mass of business anecdote是后置定语，修饰picture。
　　【难点点拨】：treasury secretary：财政部部长;disjunction：分离;anecdote：趣闻轶事，传闻;point to：表明;leap：增长;
　　【例句释义】：正如财政部部长罗伯特·罗宾所言，在表明生产力有快速提升的大量商业传闻与统计数据所反映的情况之间，存在着差距。
　　【典型例句4】：New ways of organizing the workplace -- all that re-engineering and downsizing -- are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy, which is driven by many other factors such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training.
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为New ways are only one contribution to the overall productivity of an economy。of organizing the workplace是后置定语，修饰new ways。all that re-engineering and downsizing是同位语，解释new ways。which is driven by many other factors是由which引导的定语从句，修饰the overall productivity of an economy。such as joint investment in equipment and machinery, new technology, and investment in education and training是such as结构的同位语，解释other factors。
　　【难点点拨】：re-engineering：重组;downsizing：精简;
　　【例句释义】：企业组建的新方法——所有那些重组和精简的方法——对于经济整体生产力的提高仅是做出了一个方面的贡献，它还受到许多其它因素的推动，例如机械设备的联合投资、新技术以及教育和培训方面的投资等。
　　【典型例句5】：His colleague, Michael Beer, says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering in a mechanistic fashion, chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term profitability.
　　【例句解析】：本句主干为His colleague says that far too many companies have applied re-engineering。Michael Beer 是同位语，解释his colleague。in a mechanistic fashion是方式状语，修饰主干。chopping out costs without giving sufficient thought to long term profitability是同位语，解释a mechanistic fashion。
　　【难点点拨】：far too many：太多的;in a mechanistic fashion：以简单机械的方式;chop out：削减;
　　【例句释义】：他的同事迈克尔·比尔表示，太多的公司采用了简单机械的方式来进行企业重组，在没有充分考虑长期盈利能力的情况下就削减成本。
　　总之，由于本文中对定语后置、定语从句、主语从句、状语等知识点考查较多，因此对此大家课下需要多多复习。此外，如果时间充足的话，可以多读一些外国核心期刊文章，如《经济学人》、《美国新闻与世界报道》等，积累英语国家新闻中常用到的表达。
　　(本文作者为中公考研英语辅导名师——张玉环)