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发表于 2016-7-4 12:20:49
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Directions:
For each numbered blank in the following passage ,there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil. （15 points）
A few decades ago, the world banking community invented new Electronic Funds Transfer （EFT） systems to move money more efficiently across countries and around the globe. The ___21__benefit of such systems was to __22___the float of capital that was unavailable for ? __23__ checks were being cleared through banking__24__. Today, we understand that benefits of electronic banking are far more _25__ than just reducing floating cash. The world of banking__26__revolutionized.It is __27_ more efficient and faster, but more global. And now_28_the Internet, EFT systems are increasingly __29__with the new world of e-commerce and e-trade.
__30__1997 and 2003, EFT value__31__from less than $50 trillion to nearly $40 trillion, more than the __32__economic product of all the countries and territories of the entire world. These statistics__33__should emphasize the true importance of transnational EFT Satellite, wireless, and cable-based electronic fund transfers _34__ the hub of global enterprise. Such electronic cash is _35__central to the idea of an emerging “worldwide mind.” Without the satellite and fiber infrastructure to support the flow of electronic funds, the world economy would grind to a halt.
21.A.hiding B.getting C.driving D.giving
22.A.introduce B.reduce C.produce D.increase
23.A.which B.that C.while D.where
24.A.mechanics B.methods C.procedures D.systems
25.A.extensive B.intensive C.profound D.great
26.A.is B.has C.has been D.had been
27.A.far B.even C.just D.not only
28.A.with B.by C.for D.on
29.A.linked B.integrated C.controlled D.joined
30.A.Between B.In C.From D.Among
31.A.decreased B.raised C.elevated D.soared
32.A.gross B.accelerated C.combined D.collective
33.A.lonely B.alone C.only D.merely
34.A.present B.represent C.reserve D.comprehend
35.A.so B.nevertheless C.thereafter D.therefore
2. Section III Reading Comprehension
3. Directions: Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C, and D. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil. （15 points）
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
Working at nonstandard times-evenings, nights, or weekends-is taking its toll on American families. One-fifth of all employed Americans work variable or rotating shifts, and one-third work weekends, according to Harriet B. Presser, sociology professor at the University of Maryland. The result is stress on familial relationships, which is likely to continue in coming decades.
The consequences of working irregular hours vary according to gender, economic level, and whether or not children are involved. Single mothers are more likely to work nights and weekends than married mothers. Women in clerical, sales, or other low-paying jobs participate disproportionately in working late and graveyard shifts.
Married-couple households with children are increasingly becoming dual-earner households, generating more split-shift couples. School-aged children, however, may benefit from parents' nonstandard work schedules because of the greater likelihood that a parent will be home before or after school. On the other hand, a correlation exists between nonstandard work schedules and both marital instability and a decline in the quality of marriages.
Nonstandard working hours mean families spend less time together for diner but more time together for breakfast. One-on-one interaction between parents and children varies, however, based on parent, shift, and age of children. There is also a greater reliance on child care by relatives and by professional providers.
Working nonstandard hours is less a choice of employees and more a mandate of employer. Presser believes that the need for swing shifts and weekend work will continue to rise in the coming decades. She reports that in some European countries there are substantial salary premiums for employees working irregular hours-sometimes as much as 50% higher. The convenience of having services available 24 hours a day continues to drive this trend.
Unfortunately, says Presser, the issue is virtually absent from public discourse. She emphasizes the need for focused studies on costs and benefits of working odd hours, the physical and emotional health of people working nights and weekends, and the reasons behind the necessity for working these hours. “Nonstandard work schedules not only are highly prevalent among American families but also generate a level of complexity in family functioning that needs greater attention,” she says. （360 words ） |
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