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[估分]2015年考研英语估分
[答案]2015年考研英语真题答案
[解析]2015年考研英语真题解析
[下载]2015年考研英语真题及答案下载
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text1
A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys. People art actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people’s control. Which is it at stress marker. While they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge。
“Further contradicting conventional wisdom we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home” writes one of the researchers. Sarah Damaske In fact women say they feel better at work. She notes. “it is men not women. Who report being happier at home than at work” Another surprise is that the findings hold true for both those with children and without but more so for non parents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health。
What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’ re at home whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace in making adjustments for working women it’ s not surprising that women are more stressed at home。
But it’s not just a gender thing. At work people pretty much know what they’re supposed to be doing: working making money doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola。
On the home front however people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-your family-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it or if they’ re teenagers threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus they’ re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home。
So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite the co-workers are much harder to motivate。
21.According to Paragraph 1，most previous surveys found that home___________
[A]was an un realistic place for relaxation
[B]generated more stress than the workplace
[C]was an ideal plac efor stress measurement
[D]offered greater relaxation than the workplace
22.According to Damaske，who are likely to be the happiest at home?
[A]Working mothers
[B]Childless husbands
[C] Childless wives
[D]Working fathers
23 The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that___________
[A]they are both breadwinners and housewives
[B]their home is also a place for kicking back
[C]there is often much housework left behind
[D]it is difficult for them to leave their office
24.The word “moola”(Line4，Para 4)most probably means___________
[A]energy
[B]skills
[C]earnings
[D]nutrition
25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____________
[A]home is hardly a cozier working environment
[B]division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut
[C]household tasks are generally more motivating
[D]family labor is often adequately rewarded
答案：
Text 1
21 答案D offered greater relaxation than the workplace
解析：细节题。精读题干，划出关键词 Paragraph 1，previous surveys，home。根据题干回到原文精确定位到第1句。首句提出“最新研究表明，与大部分研究相反，人们在家比在公司的压力更大”。说明之前的研究与新研究不同，题干问previous surveys，因此之前的研究是公司比家里的压力大。
22 答案B childless husbands
解析：细节题。精读题干，划出关键词大写人物D，问家里谁最幸福。根据题干回文定位到第二段后半部分“It is men…report being happier”，因此男性更幸福。接下来，“but more so for nonparents”。因此答案为没有孩子的丈夫。
23 答案A they are both bread winners and housewives
解析：细节题。题干提出“the blurring of working women’s roles”，根据题干定位到第三段后半部分“the blurring of roles”，指代前面两句话“For women who stay home……..And for women who work outside the home”。根据原文定位句信息，得出女性既要忙工作又要忙家务。
24.答案 C earnings 这是一道词义句意题，定位在第四段第二句，At work，people pretty much know what they’re supposed to be doing: working, making money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income.在工作中，人们清楚地知道他们该做什么，工作，赚钱，为了得到收入完成他们必须要做的工作。这与划线单词相对应，employee draws out life-sustaining moola 和draw an income相对应，所以moola是earnings同义。
25.答案 B division of labor at home is seldom-clear-cut 这是一道因果细节题，答案定位在第五段首句，On the home front, however, people have no such clarity.然而，对于家庭，人们并不是很清楚。no such clarity与seldom-clear-cut 相对应。
Text 2
For years studies have found that first-generation college students-those who do not have a parent with a college degree-lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students but then watching many of them fail means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen rather than close” achievement gap based on social class according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science。
But the article is actually quite optimistic as it outlines a potential solution to this problem suggesting that an approach(which involves a one-hour next-to-no-cost program)can close 63 percent of the achievement gap(measured by such factors as grades)between first-generation and other students。
The authors of the paper are from different universities and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students(who completed the project)at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree Most of the first-generation students(59.1percent) were recipients of Pell Grants，a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need，while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students with at least one parent with a four-year degree
Their thesis-that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact-was based on the view that first-gene ration students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap。
Many first-generation students’ struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education，learn the rules of the game, and take advantage of college resources” they write And this becomes more of a problem when collages don’t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’ educational experience，many first-gene ration students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students’ like them can improve
26. Recruiting more first-generation students has
[A]reduced their dropout rates
[B]narrowed the achievement gap
[C] missed its original purpose
[D]depressed college students
27 The author of the research article are optimistic because
[A]the problem is solvable
[B]their approach is costless
[q the recruiting rate has increased
[D]their finding appeal to students
28 The study suggests that most first-gene ration students
[A]study at private universities
[B]are from single-parent families
[q are in need of financial support
[D]have failed their collage
29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students
[A]are actually indifferent to the achievement gap
[B]can have a potential influence on other students
[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects
[D]are inexperienced in handling their issues at college
30.We may infer from the last paragraph that――
[A]universities often r~ect the culture of the middle-class
[B]students are usually to blame for their lack of resources
[C]social class greatly helps en rich educational experiences
[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question
T2：
26. 答案 C missed its original purpose 细节题 定位在首段末句，This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first-generation students but then watching many of them fail means that higher education has“continued to reproduce and widen rather than close” achievement gap.文中说雇佣第一代大学生然后看着他们失败，这是一种自相矛盾的事，这意味着更进一步的教育不断扩大了而不是缩小了这种差距。C选项是此句话的概括，也就是招聘第一代大学没能达到其最初的目的。
27. 答案 A the problem is solvable 因果细节题 定位在二段首句， But the article is actually quite optimistic as it outlines a potential solution to this problem...文章相当乐观因为它给出了可能解决这一问题的办法，as后就是文章乐观的原因，it outlines a potential solution to this problem与A选项同意替换。
28. 答案C are in need of financial support 细节题 定位在三段第三句 Most of the first-generation students (59.1percent) were recipients of Pell Grant, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need... with financial need..与选项C同意替换
29. 答案D are inexperienced in handling their issues at college 细节题 定位在四段首句后半句 ....first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. 第一代大学生缺少的不是潜力，而是在处理大多数大学生面对的问题时的实际的常识。but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students与选项D同意替换
30. 答案 D colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question 段落推断题 定位在末段第三句 Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’ educational experience....因为美国一些学院和大学很少承认社会阶级对学生教育经历的影响，所以。。。这就意味着学校应该为目前的问题负部分责任，与选项D相对应。
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发表于 2016-7-14 15:42:06