考研英语历年真题阅读要点之2003-Text 3（一）

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　　阅读是一个相对综合的题型，涉及到多方面能力的考查。与其在浩如烟海的复习资料中迷失方向，不知所措，不如直接从真题入手。文都教育考研英语老师继续为大家梳理考研英语历年真题阅读文章中涉及的要点，包括词汇、短语、长难句以及简单的阅读方法。接下来看一下2003年考研英语真题阅读Text 3，这篇文章主要讲了铁路部门的合并。
　　In recent years, railroads have been combining with each other, merging into supersystems, causing heightened concerns about monopoly... accounted for under 70 percent of the total ton-miles moved by rails. Next year, after a series of mergers is completed, just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freight moved by major rail carriers.
　　combine with“相互联合”；merge into“合并”；supersystem“系统”；cause heightened concerns about“引起对...的高度关注”；monopoly“垄断”；account for“（比例）占”；under 70 percent“不到70%”；ton-miles“吨英里”，指的其实就是freight“货运”；a series of“一系列”；merger“合并”；complete“完成”；well over“远远超过”；rail carrier“铁路承运人”。
　　... argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reductions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce competition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances ... trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore have them by the throat.
　　argue“认为”；allow for“考虑到，顾及”；substantial cost reduction“成本的大幅度降低”；coordinated“协调的”；threat“威胁”，动词形式threaten；fierce competition“激烈竞争”；truck“卡车”；shipper“托运人”；complain“抱怨”，名词形式complaint；heavy bulk commodity“重型散货商品”；traveling long distances现在分词充当后置定语；costly“昂贵的”；have sb. by the throat“扼住喉咙，牢牢控制”。
　　The vast consolidation within the rail industry means that most shippers are served by only one rail company. Railroads typically charge such “captive” shippers ... Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to ... for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time-consuming, and will work only in truly extreme cases.
　　consolidation“加强，巩固”；rail industry“铁路行业”；charge“收费”；captive“被俘虏的”；such “captive” shippers指的就是shippers who are served by only one rail company；overcharge“索价过高”；appeal to“向...上诉”；rate relief“费用减免”；time-consuming“耗时的”；work“起作用”；in truly extreme cases“在真正极端特殊的情况下”。
　　以上就是文都教育考研英语老师为大家梳理的2003年考研英语真题阅读Text 3前三段的要点。考研也许不简单，但是应该没有大家想象得那么困难。“绝知此事要躬行”，各位同学赶紧行动起来吧！阅读难，但是最重要，因此不可以回避，也不要无休止地拖延，否则后患无穷。如果大家能够坚持下来，到时候也许会发现原来不过如此。
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