考研英语历年真题阅读要点之1996-Text 3

考研族

　　“得真题者得天下”，真题的价值是任何模拟题都无法企及的。接触真题应该从基础阶段开始。文都英语老师为大家解读考研英语历年真题阅读理解中涉及的要点，包括词汇、短语和长难句。接下来看一下1996年考研英语真题阅读Text 3，这篇文章主要介绍了新型的企业体制。
　　... on modern lines. Many an old firm was replaced by a limited liability company with a bureaucracy of salaried managers. The change met the technical requirements... that so commonly spoiled the fortunes... It was moreover a step away from individual initiative, towards collectivism and municipal and state-owned business... for the benefit of shareholders... went into business to supply...
　　on modern lines“根据现代要求，按现代方式”；many a +单数名词，表示“许多”；be replaced by“为...所取代”；a limited liability company“有限责任公司”；bureaucracy“官僚机构”；salaried“有薪水的”；meet the technical requirements“满足技术需求”；spoil“破坏，掠夺”；fortune“命运，财富”；initiative“首创精神，主动权”；collectivism“集体主义”；municipal“市政的，地方自治的”，与state-owned并列，说明含义相近；for the benefit of“为了...的利益”；go into business“从事商业”。
　　Such large, impersonal manipulation... an element in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners... sprang up to house large “comfortable” classes who had retired on their incomes, and who had no relation to the rest of the community except that of drawing dividends... leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization.
　　impersonal“非个人的”；munipulation“处理，管理”；representing现在分词充当后置定语；irresponsible“不负责任的，不可靠的”；be detached from“脱离，与...没有关系”；spring up“出现，涌现”；house动词“给...提供住宅”；retire on“依靠...维持退休生活”；who..., and who... and连接两个并列的由who引导的定语从句；have no relation to“与...无关”；draw dividends“分红”；which引导定语从句，修饰限定其前并列名词leisure and freedom；civilization“文明”，动词civilize，形容词civilized，civilian充当名词或形容词“百姓，百姓的”。
　　The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of... The paid manager acting for the company was in more direct relation with... under the more patriarchal system of the old family business now passing away... rendered such personal relations impossible... to meet on equal terms...
　　as such“就其本身而论”；have no knowledge of“对...一无所知”；act for“作为...的代理人”；be in more direct relation with“与...有更为直接的联系”；patriarchal“族长的”；pass away“消失”；render“使得”；on equal terms“以平等的关系或地位”。
　　以上就是文都教育考研英语老师为大家梳理的1996年考研英语真题阅读Text 3的要点。学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。大家平时一定注重学习与思考相结合。不要急于参考答案解析，一定要有独立思考的过程，善于发现和解决问题，从而培养和提升个人能力。
　　文都考研提醒大家：全国各单位院校2018研究生招生简章公布时间为每年6月—10月份，想要报考2018考研的同学们，请及时关注意向院校官方信息，做好2018考研报名的相关准备工作。