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英语考研中的翻译考题，需要我们在复习过程中，就要一点一点的去积累一些知识点和技巧。下面分享是翻译题目中常见经典句型，希望大家能掌握，平时在复习中就加强此知识点地巩固。
一 It is +that句型
It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday evening.
昨天晚上在实验室做实验的正是我父亲。(强调主语)
It was Professor Wu that (who) sent me the letter.
给我寄信的正是吴教授。(强调主语)
It was I myself who opened the window.
是我自己打开的窗户。(强调主语及其同位语)
It is this novel they talked about last week.
他们上周讨论的就是这本小说。(强调宾语)
It was your mother-in-law that (whom) I met in the park the day before yesterday.
前天我在公园里碰到的正是你的岳母。(强调宾语)
It was at an evening party that I first saw her.
我是在一次晚会上第一次见到她的。(强调状语)
It was when Hemingway lived in Cuba that he wrote The Old Man and the Sea.
海明威是生活在古巴的时候写的《老人与海》。(强调状语)
It is only when one is ill that one realizes the importance of health.
只有在人们生病了才知道健康的重要性。(强调状语)
It was not until recently that scientists know much about lung cancer.
直到最近，科学家才对肺癌有较多的了解。(强调状语)
二 more…than…句型
(1)more than…句型
1.more than后面接数词，表示“多于…，….以上”的意思。
I have known him for more than twenty years. 我已经认识她二十多年了。
I have more than ten dollars in my pocket. 我口袋里还有十多美元。
2.more than后面接名词或者动词，表示“不只是…”的意思。
He is more than a father to her. 他待她胜过父亲。
He more than smiled, but laughed. 他不只是微笑，而是放生大笑。
3.more than后面接形容词、副词或者分词，表示“极其，非常”的意思。
She was more than kind to us. 他对我们非常友好。
He was more than upset by the accident. 这个意外事故让他非常心烦。
4.more than… can… 则表示“难以…，完全不能…”的意思。
That is more than I can understand. 那件事情，我实在是不明白。
The cold was more than the children could bear. 寒冷是孩子们所不能忍受的。
(2)no more …than…句型
He is no less a writer than a painter. 他既是画家也是作家。
I am no more a poet than he is a scholar. 我不是诗人，正如他不是学者一样。
(3)more …… than 句型
He is more good than bad. 与其说他很坏，不如说他很好。
He is less good than bad. 与其说他很好，不如说他很坏。
三 as…as…句型
(1)not as (or so)…as…句型
My uncle is not as (or so) tall as your father.我叔叔不如你父亲高。
People are not so honest as they once were.人们现在不如过去那样诚实了。
(2)as…as…句型
My parcel is as heavy as yours.我的包裹和你的包裹一样重。
She is as much interested in music as ever.她和以前一样对音乐感兴趣。
(3)not so much …as…句型
通常翻译为“与其说…不如说…”。
The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.
海洋与其说是把世界分割开来，还不如说是把世界连接在一起。
Bad writing is caused not so much by mistakes in grammar as by weakness in style.
拙劣的写作，与其说是语法上的错误，还不如说是由于文体上的弱点。
(4)not so much as…句型
He didn’t so much as ask me to set down. 他甚至没有请我坐下。
He cannot so much as spell a word 他甚至连一个词也不会写。
He hadn’t so much as his fare home. 他甚至连回家的路费都没有了。
四 名词性从句
1.主语扩展
I, the most considerate and handsome boy in the world, love you.
这句话通过给主语添加同位语the most considerate and handsome boy in the world使其变复杂了
I ，who is the most considerate and handsome boy in the world ，love you.
这句话通过给主语添加who引导的定语从句who is the most considerate and handsome boy in the world，使其变复杂了
2.谓语扩展
I love you with heart and soul.
这句话通过给谓语动词love添加介词短语with heart and soul作状语，使其变复杂了
I love you more than I can say.
这句话通过给谓语动词love添加比较状语从句more than I can say作程度状语，使其变复杂了
I love you, willing to do everything for you.
这句话通过给谓语动词添加分词短语作伴随状语，使其变复杂了
3.宾语扩展
I love you, the smartest girl in the world。
这句话通过给宾语添加名词短语the smartest girl inthe world作同位语，使其变复杂了
I love you who is the smartest girl in the world。
这句话通过给宾语添加who引导的定语从句who is the smartest girl in the world做定语，使其变复杂了
五 否定句
“形式肯定但意义否”结合起来，就是通常人们所说的“正话反说、反话正说”的翻译技巧。
常见的带有隐含肯定意义的词组或单词主要有：none other than(不是别的人或物而正是)，none the less(依然，仍然)，not but that(虽然)“make nothing of ”(对……等闲视之)，not…until(直到……才)，not…too(越……越好)，none but(只有)，nothing but(只有，只不过)，nothing more than(仅仅)，no sooner…than(刚一……就)，for nothing(徒然，免费)，not only…but also(不仅……而且)，not…long before(很快就)，no more than(仅仅，只是)，no other than(只有，正是)等。
There is no material but will deform more or less under the action of forces.
各种材料在力的作用下，多少都会有些变形。
They gave me the wrong book, and I didn’t notice it until I got back to my room.
他们把书给错了。直到我回到我的房间才注意到了。
以上几种翻译题目中的经典句型，希望大家能熟悉掌握，预祝大家2016年考研顺利。 |
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发表于 2016-7-14 15:21:47