以下是中公考研小编为大家整理的“2019考研：MTI翻译硕士考研英语词汇复习笔记lesson4(4)”的相关内容，希望对考研的同学有所帮助，一起来看看吧! 1、botch(vt) spoil sth by poor or clumsy work;repair sth badly (笨手笨脚的)弄坏某事物， 把某事物修理的很糟 ～ sth up
The mechanic tried to repair my car， but he really botched it up。那个技工想把我的 汽车修好，可是他一修更糟了。
◎ botcher(n)笨手笨脚的人
★ ruin(vt)cause the destruction of sb/sth 毁坏，毁灭某人/某事物
He ruined his prospects by carelessness。他因疏忽大意而断送了前途
(n、U)severe damage or destruction 毁坏、毁灭，灭亡
The news meant the ruin of all our hopes。这消息使我们的一切希望都破灭了。
(n、U)毁坏、破产等的原因;祸根
(n、U)破败、坍塌、毁坏的状态
The capital was fallen into ruin。城堡已经破败不堪。
(习语)in ruins 严重受损、破败不堪
A earthquake left the whole town in ruins 那次地震过后，全城到处都是残垣断壁。
★ spoil(vt，pt pp spoilt)make sth useless，valueless or unsatisfactory;ruin 毁掉、损坏、 破坏、糟蹋某事物
The new road has completely spoiled the character of the village。新修的路彻底毁 掉了那个村庄的特色。
(vt)harm the character of (esp a child)by lack of descipline or too mach
generosity，attention，praise，etc 娇惯、宠坏、溺爱(尤指儿童)
That little girl is terribly spoilt。那个小女孩真惯的不象话
(vi)(指食物)变坏，变质，腐败
Some kind of food soon spoil 有些食物容易变质
(习语)be spoilt for choice 因供选择的事物太多而无从下手
◎ spoilage(n)(食物等的)变坏、变质、腐烂 2、chafe(vi)become irritated or impatient because of sth(因某事物)恼怒或不耐烦 ～ at/under sth
The passengers sat chafing at the long delay 乘客们因为长时间的耽误而坐的很不耐烦。
(v)(cause sth to)become sore by rubbing (使某物)因摩擦而疼痛
His shirt collar chafed his neck 他的衬衫领口把脖子磨腾了。
(n)(皮肤受磨擦的)疼处
★ abrade(vt)wear away(skin，fabric，rock，etc)by rubbing;scrape off 磨损(表皮、 织物、岩石等);刮除
◎ abrasion(n)刮除、磨损、擦掉;擦伤处
◎ abrasive(adj)有研磨作用的，粗糙的;伤人感情的，粗鲁的
★ scrape(vt) make (a surface，etc)clean，level or smooth by drawing a sharp tool or sth rough across it 擦净、削平、磨光(某物) ～ sth down/out/off
She is scraping the path clear of snow 她正在把路上的积雪铲掉。
(vt)remove(mud，grease，paint，etc)in this way 除掉(泥、油渍、油漆等) ～
sth from/off sth ～ sth away/off
scrape the dust off 把锈刮去
(vt)injure or damage sth by rubbing with sth rough，sharp 擦伤或刮坏某物 ～
sth against/on/along sth
I scraped the side of my car against a wall。我的汽车车身蹭墙被划坏了。
(vt)remove(skin，paint，etc)accidentally in this way 擦伤、刮坏(皮肤，油漆等) ～ sth from/off sth ～ sth away/off
I must have scraped some of the paint off when I was parking the car 我准是停放汽 车的时候刮掉了一些油漆。 3、dissipate(v)(cause sth to)scatter or vanish (使某事物)消散、消失
Her son’s letter dissipated all her fears and anxiety 她儿子的来信消除了她一切恐惧和焦虑。
(vt)waste(time，money，etc)foolishly 浪费(时间、金钱等)
◎ dissipation(n，U)驱散、消散;浪费
★ scatter(v)(cause people or animals to)move，usu quickly，in different directions (使 人或动物)散开
The police scattered the crowd。警察驱散了人群。
(vt)throw sth in different directions;put here and there 撒(某物);散布
We scattered plates of food around the room before the party。我们在聚会前把一盘盘食物摆放在屋 中各处。
(vt) ～ sth with sth 将某物撒在某物表面上
scatter the lawn with grass seed 把草籽撒在草坪上 4、efface(vt)rub or wipe sth out;cause to fade 擦去，抹掉(某事物);使淡薄，使逐渐消 失
Time alone will efface those unpleasant memories 只有时间才能使人淡忘那些不快的记忆。
★ erase(vt)rub or scrape sth out;remove all traces of sth 擦掉或刮掉某物，消除某事物的 痕迹 ～ sth from sth 5、glint(vi)give out small，bright flashes of light 闪闪发光;指某人的眼睛闪现某种神色
(n)光泽，(尤指光亮硬物的)反光
★ flash(vi)give or send out a brief bright light 发出闪光 6、onerous(adj)needing effort;burdensome 艰巨的，繁重的
This is the most onerous task I have ever undertaken 这是我承担过的最艰巨的任务。
★ arduous(adj)needing much effort or energy;laborious 艰巨的，费力的
The work is arduous and the hours are long 工作吃力，时间又长。
★ laborious(adj)(of work，etc)needing much effort (指工作等)艰苦的，费力的;吃力 的，不流畅的，不自然的
7、iterate(vt)say sth again and again;make(an accusation，a demand，etc)repeatedly 反 复说某事，一再提出(指责，要求等) ～ sth to sb
★ repeat(vt)say or write sth again once or more than once;reiterate 重复说或写，反复重申
(vt)重做或重复(某事物)
Such bargain offers can’t be repeated 这么便宜的价钱不会再有了。 8、propensity(n)inclination or tendency 倾向、习性 ～ for/to/towards sth ～ for doing/to do sth
★ tendency(n)way a person or thing tends to be or behave (人物或呈现的)倾向、趋势 ～
to/towards sth/to do sth
★ inclination(n)feeling that makes sb want to behave in a particular way;disposition 倾向、 意向、意愿 ～ to/towards/for sth ～ to do sth 9、singe(vt)blacken sth by burning;scorch 烧焦或烫焦(某物)
The iron’s too hot，you’ll singe the dress 熨斗太热了，你会把衣服烫焦的。
★ scorch(vt)burn or discolour a surface by dry heat 将(物体表面)烧焦、烫糊或烫的变色
I scorched my shirt when I was ironing it。我把衬衫烫糊了。 10、strut(vi)(贬)趾高气扬的走，高视阔步
She strutted past us，ignoring our greeting 她神气活现的从我们跟前走过，我们打招呼她都不理。
★ swagger(vi)(贬)趾高气扬的行走或行事
Don’t swagger just because you got the job 别因为得到了这份工作就得意忘形。 11、unravel(v)(cause sth woven，knotted or tangled to)separate into strands (使编织、 编结或纠结之物)解开，拆开;(比喻)使某物变清楚或获解决
The mystery unravels slowly。那件神秘的事渐渐明朗了。
★ solve(vt)find an answer to a problem，etc;explain or make clear a mystery etc 解决、解答(难题);解释、揭示(秘密等)
solve a crime 破案
发表于 2018-7-16 21:08:14