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Hues and cry
本文选自《自然》杂志上一篇名为“Hues and
cry”的文章,是对前段时间引起热议的“蓝黑vs白金”事件的解读,文章援引的例子之多,可谓是贯通古今,论证充分。
A blue dress divided the Internet----and put the science of visual
perception in the spotlight.
I ①The influence on science and the arts of Johann Wolfgang von
Goethe----poet,playwright, novelist, proto-scientist, philosopher and general
all-round egghead----is profound. ②His view about the physiological nature of
colors, however, have never really caught on, in part because he proposed that
colors are more an invention of the mind than a physical reality. ③One thing,
however, rings true: the appearance of objects is not objective, but a
conversation between the observer and observed.
II ①Neuroscientists have long recognized that the perception of color and
shade depends strongly on context. ②Illusions exist, for example, in which one
can be utterly convinced that black is white, depending on the surrounding
patterns or the conditions in which an object is lit. ③But it is also true that
all other things being equal, the perception of color differs between
people.
III ①One editor of this journal, for example, once owned a car that was, in
his opinion, quite clearly green. ②It remained green in all conceivable
circumstances of context, shade and illumination other than complete darkness.
③Except, however, that everyone else was equally convinced that it was
blue----including the vehicle-licensing authority. ④The car was not only
blue----it was officially blue.
IV ①Recently, the Internet was deluged with strongly held opinion about
color, specifically of a dress. ②The dress was advertised as being blue and
black. ③But if illuminated in a certain way, the dress appeared white and gold.
④People were absolutely convinced of its color combination, one way or the
other. ⑤The web exploded with chromatic debate after various celebrities bruited
their opinions on Twitter. ⑥A straw poll of Nature’s editors (including the
owner of the blue car) was roughly split down the middle, and convictions were
strong----one way or the other.
V ①The explanation for the illusion lies in the color of the light in which
the dress was photographed. ②The brain of people who read the overall ambience
as too blue willovercompensate, seeing the dress as white and gold. ③Others,
whose visual systems read that the lighting was not blue enough, saw the dress
as blue and black.
VI①Wired magazine hosted a full discussion on the effect, and the
consternation in that publication’s office seemed to reflect the brouhaha that
briefly reigned in the otherwise serene halls of Nature. ②(The wheels of this
international weekly journal of science briefly ground to a halt as so:” I can’t
read any more manuscripts until I find out WHY? ”)
VII ①On being told of the illusion, some people—but not all—could just
about force themselves to see the dress as black and blue rather than white and
gold. ②The picture is a clear demonstration that color perception varies between
individuals, and according to the conditions of illumination. ③Such perception
is distinct from the genetic conditions that predispose people to the various
syndromes known as color blindness.
VIII ①Had the ghost of Goethe been watching ‘dressgate’, he might have
allowed himself a rueful smile, given the brickbats thrown in his direction by
his scientific critics even in his own time, who, he said, “forgot that science
arose from poetry, and did not see that when times change the tow can meet again
on a higher level as friends.”
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