2016考研英语阅读暑期训练：医学类(14)

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    　　2016考研英语阅读暑期训练：医学类(14)
    A widely heralded but still experimental cancer-fighting compound may be
used someday to prevent two other major killers of Americans： heart disease and
stroke. That was the implication of a remarkable report published last week in
the journal Circulation by a team of researchers from Dr. Judah Folkman's
laboratory at the Children's Hospital in Boston.
    The versatile compound is endostatin， a human protein that inhibits
angiogenesis， the growth of new blood vessels in the body. In tests reported in
1997 by Folkman， a prominent cancer researcher who pioneered the study of
angiogenesis， the drug had reduced and even eradicated tumors in laboratory
mice. How? By stunting the growth of capillaries necessary for nourishing the
burgeoning mouse tumors.
    When news of Folkman's achievement became widely known last year， it led to
wildly exaggerated predictions of imminent cancer cures. When other scientists
were initially unable to duplicate those results， questions arose about the
validity of Folkman's research. Then in February scientists at the National
Cancer Institute， with guidance from Folkman， finally matched his results.
Reassured， the N.C.I. gave the go-ahead for clinical trials of endostatin later
this year on patients with advanced tumors.
    How can a drug that is apparently effective against tumors also reduce the
risk of heart attack and stroke? The answer lies in the composition of plaque，
the fatty deposit that builds up in arteries and can eventually clog them.
Plaque consists of a mix of cholesterol， white blood cells and smooth muscle
cells， and as it accumulates， a network of capillaries sprouts from the artery
walls to nourish the cells. Could endostatin halt the growth of capillaries and
starve the plaque?
    A Folkman lab team led by Dr. Karen Moulton decided to find out. The
scientists put baby lab mice on a 16-week “Western diet” that was high in fat
and cholesterol， then measured the plaque buildup on the walls of each aorta，
the large artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
Meanwhile， they injected one group of mice with endostatin， another with a
different blood-vessel inhibitor called TNP-470 and a control group with an
inert saline solution. Twenty weeks later the researchers again measured plaque
in the mouse aortas. The results were startling： the endostatin group averaged
85% less plaque buildup and the TNP-470 group 70% less than those in the control
group.
    All too aware of the premature hopes raised last year after Folkman's tumor
report， the researchers have been careful not to oversell the new results. “If
this finding is supported in future studies，” says Moulton， “[it could open the
way for] treatments that could delay the progression of heart disease and
possibly reduce the incidence of heart attacks and strokes.” But any such
treatments， she stresses， are probably five to 10 years away.
    注(1)：本文选自Time; 04/19/99， p48;
    注(2)：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text 1;
    1. What did the report indicate?
    [A]A very important drug is now at experimental stage.
    [B]Heart disease and stroke are the most serious threats to Americans.
    [C]The tumor drug can be used for the heart disease in the future.
    [D]Many Americans suffer from heart disease and stroke.
    2. Why did the N.C.I. agree to have clinical trials of endostatin on the
patients?
    [A]They were convinced of the Folkman's research.
    [B]They can do such a research as well as Folkman.
    [C]The patients with advanced tumors need the drug.
    [D]The drug should be proved effective on humans.
    3. The expression “stunting the growth of capillaries”(Line 8， Paragraph 2)
most probably means _______.
    [A]help the growth of capillaries
    [B]limit the growth of capillaries
    [C]improve the growth of capillaries
    [D]prevent the growth of capillaries
    4. Why can the tumor drug be used for the heart?
    [A]It can accumulate a network of capillaries and nourish the cells.
    [B]It can stop the growth of capillaries and provide no nourishment for
plaque.
    [C]The curing method of tumor and heart disease is the same.
    [D]The tumor and heart disease are made up of the same substance.
    5. Which of the following is true according to the text?
    [A]Folkman's tumor report had been exaggerated.
    [B]The tumor drug is not as effective as what has been expected.
    [C]The new results of the research are far more encouraging.
    [D]Researchers still have a long way to go to make another successful
experiment.
    答案：CADBC